1 Ghent University, Belgium.
Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2019 Aug;23(3):267-284. doi: 10.1177/1088868318795730. Epub 2018 Sep 19.
Over the past decade, an increasing number of studies have shown that the performance of specific actions (e.g., approach and avoidance) in response to a stimulus can lead to changes in how that stimulus is evaluated. In contrast to the reigning idea that these effects are mediated by the automatic formation and activation of associations in memory, we describe an inferential account that specifies the inferences underlying the effects and how these inferences are formed. We draw on predictive processing theories to explain the basic processes underlying inferential reasoning and their main characteristics. Our inferential account accommodates past findings, is supported by new findings, and leads to novel predictions as well as concrete recommendations for how action performance can be used to influence real-world behavior.
在过去的十年中，越来越多的研究表明，针对刺激做出特定行为（例如接近和回避）的表现可以导致对该刺激的评价发生变化。与这些效应是通过记忆中联想的自动形成和激活来介导的主流观点相反，我们描述了一种推理解释，说明了这些效应背后的推理以及这些推理是如何形成的。我们借鉴了预测加工理论来解释推理背后的基本过程及其主要特征。我们的推理解释既包含了过去的研究结果，又得到了新研究结果的支持，并且提出了新的预测以及具体建议，即如何利用行为表现来影响现实世界中的行为。
