Ballantine T V, Grosfeld J L, Knapek R M, Baehner R L
J Pediatr Surg. 1977 Aug;12(4):501-8. doi: 10.1016/0022-3468(77)90186-5.
Thirty-eight children were evaluated for interstitial pneumonia by open lung biopsy. In most instances the patients were immunosuppressed as a result of cancer chemotherapy and irradiation. Pneumocystis carinii infection was the most common cause of pneumonitis (60.4%), especially in children with leukemia (78.3%). The clinical triad of hypoxemia, tachypnea, and a diffuse interstitial infiltrate on chest x-ray, is an indication for early open lung biopsy. Survival was 91.7% in cases of acute pneumocystis pneumonia, a significant improvement over previous reports. These observations strongly support the concept of early open lung biopsy in the management of diffuse interstitial pneumonitis in patients who are immunosuppressed.
通过开胸肺活检对38名儿童进行间质性肺炎评估。在大多数情况下，患者因癌症化疗和放疗而免疫抑制。卡氏肺孢子虫感染是肺炎最常见的原因（60.4%），尤其是白血病患儿（78.3%）。低氧血症、呼吸急促和胸部X光显示弥漫性间质浸润这一临床三联征是早期开胸肺活检的指征。急性卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎患者的生存率为91.7%，较之前的报告有显著改善。这些观察结果有力地支持了在免疫抑制患者弥漫性间质性肺炎管理中进行早期开胸肺活检的理念。
