Vocci Marcelli Cristine, Fontes Cassiana Mendes Bertoncello, Abbade Luciana Patricia Fernandes
At the Medical School of São Paolo State University, in Botucatu, São Paolo, Brazil, Marcelli Cristine Vocci, MSN, is a PhD student; Cassiana Mendes Bertoncello Fontes, PhD, is Professor, Nursing Department; and Luciana Patricia Fernandes Abbade, PhD, is Professor, Dermatology and Radiotherapy Department.
Adv Skin Wound Care. 2018 Oct;31(10):456-461. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000542529.94557.0a.
To identify the risk and incidence of pressure injuries in bedridden pediatric patients to determine the most prevalent risk factors and preventive measures and to define the sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic profiles in this group.
Prospective cohort study performed between March 2015 and March 2016 in the intensive care unit and the pediatric ward of a public teaching hospital. The study included 85 pediatric patients (45 intensive care unit and 40 pediatric ward patients).
Patients' Braden Q Scale score was assessed at 48-hour intervals until discharge from the aforementioned units, discharge from the hospital, and/or death.
Researchers observed that 93.3% of intensive care unit patients and 87.5% of pediatric ward patients were categorized as high-risk patients, and 12 patients presented with 24 pressure injuries with an incidence of 14.1% and a mean of 4 days before pressure injury occurrence. Patients with pressure injuries in the cohort averaged a hospital length of stay of 7.7 days. Of these, the mean age was 4.1 years and most were female, receiving enteral nutrition, and had diagnoses related to neurological and respiratory diseases.' Vasopressor use had a statistically significant association (P < .05) with the development of pressure injuries. The primary risk factor identified on the Braden Q Scale for the development pressure injury was a "mobility and activity" deficit.
Most patients (hospitalized in either unit) were at high risk of developing pressure injuries. No specific preventive guidelines were in place in this hospital prior to this study; therefore, the authors aimed to develop a protocol for the prevention and reduction of pressure injuries in pediatric patients.
确定卧床儿科患者发生压疮的风险和发生率，以确定最常见的风险因素和预防措施，并明确该群体的社会人口统计学、临床和治疗特征。
2015年3月至2016年3月在一家公立教学医院的重症监护病房和儿科病房进行前瞻性队列研究。该研究纳入了85名儿科患者（45名重症监护病房患者和40名儿科病房患者）。
每隔48小时评估患者的布拉登Q量表评分，直至从上述科室出院、出院和/或死亡。
研究人员观察到，93.3%的重症监护病房患者和87.5%的儿科病房患者被归类为高危患者，12名患者出现了24处压疮，发生率为14.1%，压疮发生前平均为4天。队列中有压疮的患者平均住院时间为7.7天。其中，平均年龄为4.1岁，大多数为女性，接受肠内营养，诊断与神经和呼吸系统疾病有关。使用血管加压药与压疮的发生有统计学显著关联（P < 0.05）。布拉登Q量表上确定的发生压疮的主要风险因素是“移动和活动”不足。
大多数患者（在任何一个科室住院）发生压疮的风险都很高。在本研究之前，该医院没有具体的预防指南；因此，作者旨在制定一项预防和减少儿科患者压疮的方案。
