与接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的 HIV 感染男性相比，HIV 感染女性的流感特异性抗体亲和力增加。
Increased influenza-specific antibody avidity in HIV-infected women compared with HIV-infected men on antiretroviral therapy.
机构信息
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
出版信息
AIDS. 2019 Jan 27;33(1):33-44. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002022.
BACKGROUND
It is recommended that HIV-infected individuals receive annual influenza vaccination due to their high susceptibility to influenza infection, especially among women. However, there have been few studies investigating sex-related responses to influenza vaccine in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated HIV-infected individuals.
METHOD
In this study, 26 aviremic ART-treated HIV-infected individuals and 16 healthy controls were enrolled in the current study. Blood was collected prior to vaccination (D0), on days 7-10 (D7) and on days 14-21 (D14) following administration of the 2013-2014 seasonal influenza vaccine. A series of analyses evaluated the serological and cellular responses following influenza vaccination.
RESULTS
Female HIV-infected individuals had increased influenza-specific antibody avidity relative to male HIV-infected individuals, but similar plasma levels of influenza-specific binding antibodies and neutralizing antibodies. Increased cycling B cells and follicular helper CD4 T (Tfh) cells were observed in female HIV-infected individuals pre and postvaccination compared with male HIV-infected individuals, and cycling Tfh cells were directly correlated with influenza-specific antibody avidity. Moreover, plasma testosterone levels were inversely correlated with antibody avidity index. The magnitude of microbial translocation [plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] level was directly correlated with influenza-specific antibody avidity. Circulating 16S rDNA microbiome showed that enrichment of specific species within Proteobacteria was associated with influenza-specific antibody avidity. These results, including differences based on sex and correlations, were only observed in HIV-infected individuals but not in the healthy controls.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated sex differences in influenza-specific antibody avidity in ART-treated HIV disease, and provides valuable information on vaccination strategy in the ART-treated HIV-infected population.
背景
由于 HIV 感染者极易感染流感，因此建议他们每年接种流感疫苗，尤其是女性。然而，针对接受抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的 HIV 感染者中，流感疫苗与性别相关的反应，研究甚少。
方法
在这项研究中，共纳入了 26 名病毒载量得到抑制的接受 ART 治疗的 HIV 感染者和 16 名健康对照者。在接种前（D0）、接种后第 7-10 天（D7）和第 14-21 天（D14）采集血液。通过一系列分析评估了接种流感疫苗后的血清学和细胞反应。
结果
与男性 HIV 感染者相比，女性 HIV 感染者的流感特异性抗体亲和力增加，但流感特异性结合抗体和中和抗体的血浆水平相似。与男性 HIV 感染者相比，女性 HIV 感染者在接种前后均观察到循环 B 细胞和滤泡辅助 CD4 T（Tfh）细胞增加，并且循环 Tfh 细胞与流感特异性抗体亲和力直接相关。此外，血浆睾酮水平与抗体亲和力指数呈负相关。微生物易位（血浆脂多糖（LPS））水平的幅度与流感特异性抗体亲和力直接相关。循环 16S rDNA 微生物组显示，变形菌门内特定物种的丰度与流感特异性抗体亲和力相关。这些结果，包括基于性别的差异和相关性，仅在 HIV 感染者中观察到，而在健康对照者中未观察到。
结论
本研究表明，在接受 ART 治疗的 HIV 疾病中，流感特异性抗体亲和力存在性别差异，并为接受 ART 治疗的 HIV 感染者的疫苗接种策略提供了有价值的信息。
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