State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2018 Sep 20;9(9):182. doi: 10.1038/s41424-018-0048-x.
Neonatal jaundice is a common disease that affects up to 60% of newborns. Gut microbiota mediated the excretion of bilirubin from the human body. However, the relationship between early gut microbiome and development of neonatal jaundice is not fully understood. Here we sought to characterize meconium microbiome of newborns and to clarify its association with risk of neonatal jaundice.
We conducted a nested case-control study with 301 newborns providing meconium samples from 2014 to 2015. The main outcome was the development of neonatal jaundice at 42 day follow-up. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to profile the meconium microbiome. LEfSe was employed to identify different features between control and case groups. Logistic regression was used to estimate the risk effect of early gut microbiome on neonatal jaundice.
Logistic regression models suggested that higher ɑ-diversity was significantly associated with lower risk of jaundice in cesarean infants (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52-0.98), but not in infants born naturally. Higher relative abundance of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum in newborn meconium was significantly associated with lower risk of jaundice both in cesarean-born infants and in the total subjects (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.07-0.68; OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.31-0.95, respectively). Spearman's correlations showed that relative abundance of B. pseudolongum was significantly correlated with ɑ-diversity (P < 0.01).
Preventive and treatment methods implying early gut microbiome intervention could be promising for the management of neonatal jaundice.
新生儿黄疸是一种常见疾病，影响多达 60%的新生儿。肠道微生物群介导胆红素从人体的排泄。然而，早期肠道微生物组与新生儿黄疸发展之间的关系尚不完全清楚。在这里，我们试图描述新生儿胎粪微生物组，并阐明其与新生儿黄疸风险的关系。
我们进行了一项嵌套病例对照研究，纳入了 2014 年至 2015 年期间提供胎粪样本的 301 名新生儿。主要结局是在 42 天随访时发生新生儿黄疸。采用 16S rRNA 基因测序对胎粪微生物组进行分析。采用 LEfSe 鉴定对照组和病例组之间的不同特征。采用逻辑回归估计早期肠道微生物群对新生儿黄疸的风险作用。
逻辑回归模型表明，剖宫产婴儿中较高的 α 多样性与黄疸风险降低显著相关（OR 0.72，95%CI 0.52-0.98），但在自然分娩婴儿中无此相关性。新生儿胎粪中双歧杆菌假长亚种的相对丰度较高与剖宫产婴儿和所有受试者的黄疸风险降低显著相关（OR 0.24，95%CI 0.07-0.68；OR 0.55，95%CI 0.31-0.95）。Spearman 相关性分析表明，双歧杆菌假长亚种的相对丰度与 α 多样性显著相关（P<0.01）。
涉及早期肠道微生物群干预的预防和治疗方法可能对新生儿黄疸的管理有一定帮助。
