Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
Rice Pathology Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Sakha, Kafrelsheikh, 33717, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jun;27(16):18972-18984. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3250-1. Epub 2018 Sep 20.
Due to the accelerating use of manufactured nanomaterials, more research is needed to define their impact on plants. The present investigation aimed at evaluating the effect of different levels (0.0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L) of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) on Vicia faba during seed germination and seedling establishment. Additionally, V. faba root meristems were used as a model to monitor the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects resulting from exposure to ZnO NPs. The influence of ZnO NPs on three isoenzyme systems, peroxidase, α, and β esterase, was also evaluated using native-PAGE. Our results showed that lower concentrations of ZnO NPs (especially 10 and 25 mg/L) enhanced seed germination and improved seedling growth, while higher concentrations (100 and 200 mg/L) resulted in phytotoxicity. Cytological investigations of ZnO NPs-treated V. faba root cells denoted the clastogenic and aneugenic nature of ZnO NPs. Differential increase in mitotic index and significant alterations in cell cycle were observed upon exposure to ZnO NPs. High concentrations of ZnO NPs markedly induced chromosomal aberration, micronuclei, and vacuolated nuclei formation. Chromosomal breakage, chromosomal bridges, ring chromosomes, laggard chromosomes, and stickiness were also observed at a higher rate. The PAGE analysis showed that ZnO NPs treatments altered the expression patterns of all studied enzyme systems. Collectively, results from this work will help to further understand the phytotoxic effects of nanomaterials.
由于制造纳米材料的使用加速，需要更多的研究来定义它们对植物的影响。本研究旨在评估不同水平（0.0、10、25、50 和 100 mg/L）的氧化锌纳米颗粒（NPs）对蚕豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。此外，还利用蚕豆根尖分生组织作为模型，监测暴露于氧化锌 NPs 后产生的细胞毒性和遗传毒性效应。还使用天然-PAGE 评估了 ZnO NPs 对三种同工酶系统（过氧化物酶、α 和 β 酯酶）的影响。我们的结果表明，较低浓度的 ZnO NPs（特别是 10 和 25 mg/L）可促进种子萌发和幼苗生长，而较高浓度（100 和 200 mg/L）则会导致植物毒性。用 ZnO NPs 处理的蚕豆根尖细胞的细胞学研究表明 ZnO NPs 具有断裂剂和非整倍体形成剂的性质。暴露于 ZnO NPs 后，观察到有丝分裂指数的差异增加和细胞周期的显著改变。高浓度的 ZnO NPs 明显诱导了染色体畸变、微核和空泡核的形成。还观察到染色体断裂、染色体桥、环状染色体、滞后染色体和粘性染色体的发生率明显增加。PAGE 分析表明，ZnO NPs 处理改变了所有研究酶系统的表达模式。总之，这项工作的结果将有助于进一步了解纳米材料的植物毒性效应。
