Li Xue, Li Ang, Zhang Ming, Gao Tianpeng
College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, China.
School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an, China.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2023 Oct;39(10):603-612. doi: 10.1177/07482337231191573. Epub 2023 Jul 30.
Chloroform is a widely used industrial chemical that can also pollute the environment. The aims of this study were to examine the potential cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of chloroform on plant cells, using the bioassay. Chloroform was evaluated at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 mg·L. The following parameters were analyzed: the mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN) frequency, chromosomal aberration (CA) frequency, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The results showed that exposure to increasing concentrations of chloroform caused a decrease in MI and an increase in the frequency of MN in root tip cells, relative to their controls. Moreover, various types of CA, including C-mitosis, fragments, bridges, laggard chromosomes, and multipolar mitosis, were observed in the treated cells. The frequency of MN was positively correlated with the frequency of CA in exposure to 0.1-1 mg·L chloroform. Furthermore, chloroform exposure induced membrane lipid peroxidation damage in the radicle, and a linear correlation was observed between the MDA content and the frequency of MN or CA. These findings indicated that chloroform exposure can result in oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity in plant cells.
氯仿是一种广泛使用的工业化学品，也会污染环境。本研究的目的是使用生物测定法检测氯仿对植物细胞的潜在细胞毒性和遗传毒性。氯仿的评估浓度为0.1、0.5、1、2和5 mg·L。分析了以下参数：有丝分裂指数（MI）、微核（MN）频率、染色体畸变（CA）频率和丙二醛（MDA）含量。结果表明，与对照相比，暴露于浓度不断增加的氯仿会导致根尖细胞的MI降低，MN频率增加。此外，在处理过的细胞中观察到了各种类型的CA，包括C-有丝分裂、片段、桥、落后染色体和多极有丝分裂。在暴露于浓度为0.1-1 mg·L的氯仿中，MN频率与CA频率呈正相关。此外，氯仿暴露诱导胚根中的膜脂过氧化损伤，并且在MDA含量与MN或CA频率之间观察到线性相关性。这些发现表明，氯仿暴露可导致植物细胞中的氧化应激、细胞毒性和遗传毒性。
