Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
Adv Mater. 2019 Sep;31(38):e1801993. doi: 10.1002/adma.201801993. Epub 2018 Sep 20.
Hollow nanostructures have shown great promise for energy storage, conversion, and production technologies. Significant efforts have been devoted to the design and synthesis of hollow nanostructures with diverse compositional and geometric characteristics in the past decade. However, the correlation between their structure and energy-related performance has not been reviewed thoroughly in the literature. Here, some representative examples of designing hollow nanostructure to effectively solve the problems of energy-related technologies are highlighted, such as lithium-ion batteries, lithium-metal anodes, lithium-sulfur batteries, supercapacitors, dye-sensitized solar cells, electrocatalysis, and photoelectrochemical cells. The great effect of structure engineering on the performance is discussed in depth, which will benefit the better design of hollow nanostructures to fulfill the requirements of specific applications and simultaneously enrich the diversity of the hollow nanostructure family. Finally, future directions of hollow nanostructure design to solve emerging challenges and further improve the performance of energy-related technologies are also provided.
中空纳米结构在能源存储、转换和生产技术方面显示出巨大的应用前景。在过去的十年中，人们投入了大量的精力来设计和合成具有不同组成和几何特征的中空纳米结构。然而，它们的结构与能源相关性能之间的关系在文献中并没有得到全面的综述。在这里，我们突出了一些有代表性的设计中空纳米结构的例子，这些例子有效地解决了与能源相关技术的问题，如锂离子电池、锂金属阳极、锂硫电池、超级电容器、染料敏化太阳能电池、电催化和光电化学电池。深入讨论了结构工程对性能的巨大影响，这将有助于更好地设计中空纳米结构，以满足特定应用的要求，同时丰富中空纳米结构家族的多样性。最后，还提供了未来设计中空纳米结构以解决新兴挑战和进一步提高能源相关技术性能的方向。
