Barragán-Fonseca Karol, Pineda-Mejia Julián, Dicke Marcel, van Loon Joop J A
Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.
J Econ Entomol. 2018 Dec 14;111(6):2676-2683. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy270.
The black soldier fly [Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)] can be sustainably reared on organic waste streams and thereby provide a novel animal protein source for animal feed. Black soldier fly's performance and body composition depend to a large extent on the nutrient composition of the waste stream. Black soldier fly larvae were fed on four diets consisting of vegetable by-products from the food industry. All four diets contained dried distiller's grains with solubles plus one or two other main ingredients; for diet 1 the additional ingredient was grape pulp; diet 2: potato peels; diet 3: bean seeds; and diet 4: cabbage leaves plus old bread. The diets were formulated based on an optimal summed protein and carbohydrate (P+C) concentration resulting from previous experiments and a 1:2 protein:carbohydrate (P:C) ratio. We quantified both larval and adult performance. Diet 4 was the best performing vegetable waste-based diet. In a follow-up experiment, we re-formulated diet 4 to have P:C ratios of 1:2 or 1:3 and 40 or 47% dry matter of P+C. In the first experiment, although there were differences in larval performance among the diets, all diets supported a higher larval performance than reported previously, with diet 4 having 47% P+C being the best performing diet. We infer that not only total macronutrient content but also nutritional quality of proteins and carbohydrates affected performance. In the second experiment, the two vegetable residue-based larval diets resulted in similar larval and adult performance. High dietary protein resulted in increases in larval crude fat content.
黑水虻（Hermetia illucens L.，双翅目：水虻科）可以利用有机废物流进行可持续养殖，从而为动物饲料提供一种新型动物蛋白来源。黑水虻的性能和身体组成在很大程度上取决于废物流的营养成分。用食品工业的四种蔬菜副产品饲料喂养黑水虻幼虫。所有四种饲料都含有干酒糟及其可溶物，再加上一种或两种其他主要成分；饲料1的额外成分是葡萄果肉；饲料2：土豆皮；饲料3：豆类种子；饲料4：卷心菜叶加陈面包。这些饲料是根据先前实验得出的最佳蛋白质和碳水化合物（P+C）总浓度以及1:2的蛋白质：碳水化合物（P:C）比例配制的。我们对幼虫和成虫的性能进行了量化。饲料4是性能最佳的基于蔬菜废料的饲料。在后续实验中，我们重新配制了饲料4，使其P:C比例为1:2或1:3，P+C的干物质含量为40%或47%。在第一个实验中，尽管不同饲料之间幼虫性能存在差异，但所有饲料支持的幼虫性能都高于先前报道，其中P+C含量为47%的饲料4是性能最佳的饲料。我们推断，不仅总常量营养素含量，而且蛋白质和碳水化合物的营养质量都会影响性能。在第二个实验中，两种基于蔬菜残渣的幼虫饲料导致幼虫和成虫的性能相似。高日粮蛋白质导致幼虫粗脂肪含量增加。
