美国黑人和白人男性和女性的政府保障性住房状况与睡眠和心脏代谢健康的关系。
Sleep and cardiometabolic health by government-assisted rental housing status among Black and White men and women in the United States.
机构信息
Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
出版信息
Sleep Health. 2018 Oct;4(5):420-428. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2018.07.010. Epub 2018 Aug 30.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate Black-White disparities in suboptimal sleep and cardiometabolic health by government-assisted rental housing status.
DESIGN
National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) pooled cross-sectional data (2004-2016).
SETTING
United States.
PARTICIPANTS
Black and White adult participants (n = 80,880).
MEASUREMENTS
Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals for self-reported unrecommended (<6 hours), short (≤6-<7 hours), and long (>9 hours) sleep duration (each separately vs recommended (≤7-9 hours)) and sleep difficulties (eg, trouble falling/staying asleep ≥3 days/week) (yes vs no) among Blacks compared to Whites within rental housing categories (government-assisted vs unassisted), separately, for men and women. Within sex/housing categories, we applied the same approach to compare cardiometabolic health outcomes (ie, overweight/obesity, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke) between Blacks with worse sleep and Whites with recommended sleep. Models were adjusted for age and other potential confounders.
RESULTS
Participants' mean age was 42 ± 18 years, 57% were female, and 30% Black. Blacks in unassisted housing had a higher prevalence of unrecommended and short sleep (PR = 1.22 [1.15-1.30] -men, PR = 1.14 [1.08-1.21] -women) compared to their White counterparts (p = 0.001 -men, p = 0.008 -women), but no Black-White differences (PR = 0.88 [0.73-1.07] -men, PR = 0.98 [0.89-1.09] -women) were observed among government-assisted renters. Generally, Blacks were less likely to report sleep difficulties than Whites. Cardiometabolic health disparities between Blacks with worse sleep and Whites with recommended sleep were generally smaller among government-assisted renters, but relationships varied by sex.
CONCLUSIONS
There were no racial disparities in short sleep duration, and cardiometabolic health disparities were generally attenuated when Blacks and Whites resided in government-assisted rental housing.
目的
通过政府资助的租房状况，研究黑人-白人在睡眠质量不佳和心血管代谢健康方面的差异。
设计
国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）汇总的横断面数据（2004-2016 年）。
地点
美国。
参与者
黑人和白人成年参与者（n=80880）。
测量
使用泊松回归和稳健方差来估计自我报告的不推荐（<6 小时）、短（≤6-<7 小时）和长（>9 小时）睡眠时间（分别与推荐（≤7-9 小时）相比）以及睡眠困难（例如，每周≥3 天入睡/保持睡眠困难）（是与否）的患病率比（PR）和 95%置信区间，在租房类别（政府资助与非资助）内，黑人与白人相比，分别针对男性和女性。在性别/住房类别内，我们应用相同的方法比较睡眠质量较差的黑人和睡眠推荐的白人之间的心血管代谢健康结果（即超重/肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、心脏病、中风）。模型调整了年龄和其他潜在混杂因素。
结果
参与者的平均年龄为 42±18 岁，57%为女性，30%为黑人。与白人相比，非政府资助住房的黑人睡眠不足和睡眠不足的比例更高（PR=1.22[1.15-1.30]-男性，PR=1.14[1.08-1.21]-女性）（p=0.001-男性，p=0.008-女性），但在政府资助的租房者中没有观察到黑人和白人之间的差异（PR=0.88[0.73-1.07]-男性，PR=0.98[0.89-1.09]-女性）。一般来说，黑人报告睡眠困难的可能性低于白人。在政府资助的租房者中，睡眠质量较差的黑人与睡眠推荐的白人之间的心血管代谢健康差异通常较小，但性别关系不同。
结论
在睡眠时间较短方面，没有种族差异，而当黑人和白人居住在政府资助的出租住房中时，心血管代谢健康差异通常会减弱。
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