Dalton Kathryn R, Chang Vicky C, Lee Mikyeong, Maki Katherine, Saint-Maurice Pedro, Purandare Vaishnavi, Hua Xing, Wan Yunhu, Dagnall Casey L, Jones Kristine, Hicks Belynda D, Hutchinson Amy, Liao Linda M, Gail Mitchell H, Shi Jianxin, Sinha Rashmi, Abnet Christian C, London Stephanie J, Vogtmann Emily
Immunity Inflammation and Disease Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, RTP NC, USA.
Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Sleep Adv. 2025 Apr 17;6(2):zpaf023. doi: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpaf023. eCollection 2025 Apr.
The microbiome is proposed as a contributor to the adverse health impacts from altered sleep. The oral microbiome is a multifaceted microbial community that influences many health functions. However, data on the relationship between sleep and the oral microbiome are limited, and no studies have incorporated lifestyle and environmental exposures.
Within a subset (N=1,139) of the NIH-AARP cohort, we examined the association between self-reported sleep duration and the oral microbiome via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Statistical models were adjusted for demographic characteristics. Additional models examined the role of various lifestyle and neighborhood exposures on the sleep-oral microbiome association.
Compared to participants reporting the recommended 7-8 hours average sleep duration (n=702), those reporting short sleep (6 or fewer hours, n=284) had consistently decreased within-sample oral microbial diversity [e.g. number of observed amplicon sequence variants difference -8.681, p-value=0.009]. Several bacterial genera were more likely to be absent in the short sleep group. We found a higher relative abundance of and , and lower abundance of , , and in the short compared to the recommended sleep duration group. Results were consistent when controlling for lifestyle and neighborhood factors.
Our findings provide evidence for an association of short sleep duration with oral microbial diversity and composition. This suggests that oral bacteria may play a possible mechanistic role related to sleep health. Improved understanding of physiological pathways can aid in the design of interventions that may beneficially improve overall sleep health.
微生物群被认为是睡眠改变对健康产生不利影响的一个因素。口腔微生物群是一个多方面的微生物群落，影响许多健康功能。然而，关于睡眠与口腔微生物群之间关系的数据有限，且尚无研究纳入生活方式和环境暴露因素。
在NIH-AARP队列的一个子集（N = 1139）中，我们通过16S rRNA基因扩增子测序研究了自我报告的睡眠时间与口腔微生物群之间的关联。统计模型针对人口统计学特征进行了调整。其他模型研究了各种生活方式和社区暴露因素在睡眠与口腔微生物群关联中的作用。
与报告平均睡眠时间为推荐的7 - 8小时的参与者（n = 702）相比，报告睡眠时间短（6小时或更少，n = 284）的参与者样本内口腔微生物多样性持续下降[例如，观察到的扩增子序列变体数量差异为-8.681，p值 = 0.009]。短睡眠组中几个细菌属更有可能缺失。我们发现，与推荐睡眠时间组相比，短睡眠组中[具体细菌名称1]和[具体细菌名称2]的相对丰度较高，而[具体细菌名称3]、[具体细菌名称4]和[具体细菌名称5]的丰度较低。在控制生活方式和社区因素后，结果一致。
我们的研究结果为短睡眠时间与口腔微生物多样性和组成之间的关联提供了证据。这表明口腔细菌可能在与睡眠健康相关的机制中发挥作用。更好地理解生理途径有助于设计可能有益地改善整体睡眠健康的干预措施。
