Sheerin Kelly R, Reid Duncan, Besier Thor F
Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ), Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; Auckland Bioengineering Institute and Department of Engineering Science, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Gait Posture. 2019 Jan;67:12-24. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.09.017. Epub 2018 Sep 14.
Impact loading in runners, assessed by the measurement of tibial acceleration, has attracted substantial research attention. Due to potential injury links, particularly tibial fatigue fractures, tibial acceleration is also used as a clinical monitoring metric. There are contributing factors and potential limitations that must be considered before widespread implementation.
The objective of this review is to update current knowledge of the measurement of tibial acceleration in runners and to provide recommendations for those intending on using this measurement device in research or clinical practice.
Literature relating to the measurement of tibial acceleration in steady-state running was searched. A narrative approach synthesised the information from papers written in English. A range of literature was identified documenting the selection and placement of accelerometers, the analysis of data, and the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors.
Tibial acceleration is a proxy measurement for the impact forces experienced at the tibia commonly used by clinicians and researchers. There is an assumption that this measure is related to bone stress and strain, however this is yet to be proven. Multi-axis devices should be secured firmly to the tibia to limit movement relative to the underlying bone and enable quantification of all components of acceleration. Additional frequency analyses could be useful to provide a more thorough characterisation of the signal.
Tibial accelerations are clearly affected by running technique, running velocity, lower extremity stiffness, as well as surface and footwear compliance. The interrelationships between muscle pre-activation and fatigue, stiffness, effective mass and tibial acceleration still require further investigation, as well as how changes in these variables impact on injury risk.
通过测量胫骨加速度来评估跑步者的冲击负荷，这已引起了大量研究关注。由于存在潜在的损伤关联，尤其是胫骨疲劳性骨折，胫骨加速度也被用作临床监测指标。在广泛应用之前，必须考虑一些促成因素和潜在限制。
本综述的目的是更新当前关于跑步者胫骨加速度测量的知识，并为那些打算在研究或临床实践中使用该测量设备的人提供建议。
检索了与稳态跑步中胫骨加速度测量相关的文献。采用叙述性方法综合了英文论文中的信息。确定了一系列文献，记录了加速度计的选择和放置、数据分析以及内在和外在因素的影响。
胫骨加速度是临床医生和研究人员常用的胫骨所受冲击力的替代测量指标。有一种假设认为该测量值与骨应力和应变有关，但尚未得到证实。多轴设备应牢固地固定在胫骨上，以限制相对于下方骨骼的移动，并能够对加速度的所有分量进行量化。额外的频率分析可能有助于更全面地表征信号。
胫骨加速度明显受到跑步技术、跑步速度、下肢刚度以及地面和鞋类顺应性的影响。肌肉预激活与疲劳、刚度、有效质量和胫骨加速度之间的相互关系仍需进一步研究，以及这些变量的变化如何影响损伤风险。
