Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Growth and Development Laboratory, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019 Jul;73(7):1063-1068. doi: 10.1038/s41430-018-0318-4. Epub 2018 Sep 24.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To test the effects of weight loss with and without exercise training (aerobic or resistance) on intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT) and risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Additionally, CVD risk factors was evaluated before and after weight loss using previously established IAAT cut-points.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: One hundred twenty-two overweight premenopausal women were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) diet only (Diet); (2) diet and aerobic training (Diet + AT); or (3) diet and resistance training (Diet + RT); until a BMI of < 25 kg/m was reached. Computerized tomography was used to measure IAAT and blood lipids were measured by assay. Evaluations were made before and after weight loss.
Though no group-by-time effects were found after weight loss, we observed significant time effects for: IAAT (-38.0%, P < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (-2.2%, P = 0.008), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (-4.8%, P < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (+20.2%, P < 0.001), triglycerides (-18.7%, P < 0.001), TC/HDL-C (-16.3%, P < 0.001), and LDL-C/HDL-C (-18.0%, P < 0.001). Following weight loss, 40.2% of all participants reduced IAAT to < 40 cm (IAAT associated with low CVD risk). Furthermore, only 2.5% of participants had an IAAT > 110 cm (IAAT associated with high CVD risk) after weight loss. We also observed that decreases of IAAT were associated with decreased CVD risk factors after weight loss independent of race, changes in %fat mass and changes in maximal oxygen uptake.
Caloric restriction leading to significant weight loss with or without exercise training appears to be equally effective for reducing IAAT and CVD risk factors.
背景/目的：测试减肥（包括运动训练，如有氧运动或抗阻运动）对内脏脂肪组织（IAAT）和心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素的影响。此外，使用先前建立的 IAAT 切点，在减肥前后评估 CVD 风险因素。
受试者/方法：122 名超重绝经前女性被随机分配到以下三组之一：（1）仅饮食（Diet）；（2）饮食加有氧运动（Diet+AT）；或（3）饮食加抗阻运动（Diet+RT）；直到 BMI 降至<25kg/m 。使用计算机断层扫描（CT）测量 IAAT，通过检测测量血脂。在减肥前后进行评估。
尽管减肥后未发现组间时间效应，但我们观察到 IAAT（-38.0%，P<0.001）、总胆固醇（TC）（-2.2%，P=0.008）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）（-4.8%，P<0.001）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）（+20.2%，P<0.001）、甘油三酯（-18.7%，P<0.001）、TC/HDL-C（-16.3%，P<0.001）和 LDL-C/HDL-C（-18.0%，P<0.001）的时间效应显著。减肥后，所有参与者中有 40.2%的人将 IAAT 降低至<40cm（IAAT 与低 CVD 风险相关）。此外，减肥后只有 2.5%的参与者 IAAT>110cm（IAAT 与高 CVD 风险相关）。我们还观察到，减肥后 IAAT 的减少与 CVD 风险因素的减少独立于种族、体脂百分比的变化和最大摄氧量的变化相关。
热量限制导致的显著减肥（包括或不包括运动训练）似乎同样有效地降低 IAAT 和 CVD 风险因素。
