Jeff K. Vallance and Steven T. Johnson are with the Faculty of Health Disciplines, Athabasca University, Athabasca, Alberta, Canada. Paul A. Gardiner is with the Centre for Research in Geriatric Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. Brigid M. Lynch is with the Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Adrijana D'Silva is with the Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta. Terry Boyle is with Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. Lorian M. Taylor is with the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary. Matthew P. Buman is with the School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ. Neville Owen is with the Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne.
Am J Public Health. 2018 Nov;108(11):1478-1482. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2018.304649. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
Sitting has frequently been equated with smoking, with some sources even suggesting that smoking is safer than sitting. This commentary highlights how sitting and smoking are not comparable. The most recent meta-analysis of sedentary behavior and health outcomes reported a hazard ratio of 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.09, 1.41) for all-cause mortality. The relative risk (RR) of death from all causes among current smokers, compared with those who have never smoked, is 2.80 (95% CI = 2.72, 2.88) for men and 2.76 for women (95% CI = 2.69, 2.84). The risk is substantially higher for heavy smokers (> 40 cigarettes per day: RR = 4.08 [95% CI = 3.68, 4.52] for men, and 4.41 [95% CI = 3.70, 5.25] for women). These estimates correspond to absolute risk differences of more than 2000 excess deaths from any cause per 100 000 persons per year among the heaviest smokers compared with never smokers, versus 190 excess deaths per 100 000 persons per year when comparing people with the highest volume of sitting with the lowest. Conflicting or distorted information about health risks related to behavioral choices and environmental exposures can lead to confusion and public doubt with respect to health recommendations.
久坐常常被等同于吸烟，有些来源甚至认为吸烟比久坐更安全。本评论强调了久坐和吸烟是不可比的。最近一项关于久坐行为与健康结果的荟萃分析报告称，全因死亡率的风险比为 1.22（95%置信区间[CI] = 1.09，1.41）。与从不吸烟的人相比，当前吸烟者因各种原因死亡的相对风险（RR）为 2.80（95%CI=2.72，2.88）（男性）和 2.76（95%CI=2.69，2.84）（女性）。重度吸烟者（每天吸烟>40 支：男性 RR=4.08[95%CI=3.68，4.52]，女性 RR=4.41[95%CI=3.70，5.25]）的风险明显更高。这些估计值对应于每年每 10 万人中，与从不吸烟者相比，重度吸烟者因任何原因导致的超额死亡人数超过 2000 人，而与每天坐立时间最长的人相比，每天坐立时间最长的人与每天坐立时间最短的人相比，每年每 10 万人中会增加 190 例超额死亡。与行为选择和环境暴露相关的健康风险的矛盾或扭曲信息可能导致公众对健康建议感到困惑和怀疑。
