Institute of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical University, Taian, Shandong, 271016, China.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Nov;107:1523-1529. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.136. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
6-Gingerol, the major component of gingerols extracted from Zingiber officinale, has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant bioactivities. Since neuroinflammation plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), and astrocytes have been considered important in the process of neurodegeneration, it was of interest to know whether 6-gingerol reduced astrocytes activation or even attenuated cognitive impairment. Here we examined the neuroprotective effects of 6-gingerol in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced disorder models both in vitro and in vivo. C6 astroglioma cells treated with LPS were found to release excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6, and also increase intercellular ROS, NO, and iNOS (i.e. NOS2). All these were blocked by 6-gingerol in a concentration-dependent manner. The spatial learning and memory of rats challenged with LPS (10 μg, i.c.v.) in the absence or presence of 6-gingerol were evaluated using the Morris water-maze (MWM) test. 6-Gingerol attenuated LPS-induced imapirement of MWM learning and memory in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, 6-gingerol inhibited LPS-induced increases in levels of GFAP and TNF-α in the rat brain. The results suggest that 6-gingerol suppresses astrocyte overactivation, through which it contributes to improvement of cognitive ability.
6-姜酚是从生姜中提取的姜酚类化合物的主要成分，具有抗炎和抗氧化的生物活性。由于神经炎症在神经退行性疾病（如阿尔茨海默病）中起重要作用，星形胶质细胞被认为在神经退行性过程中很重要，因此人们很想知道 6-姜酚是否能减少星形胶质细胞的激活，甚至减轻认知障碍。在这里，我们研究了 6-姜酚在体外和体内脂多糖（LPS）诱导的紊乱模型中的神经保护作用。用 LPS 处理的 C6 星形胶质细胞瘤细胞被发现释放过多的促炎细胞因子，包括 TNF-α 和 IL-6，并增加细胞间 ROS、NO 和 iNOS（即 NOS2）。所有这些都被 6-姜酚以浓度依赖的方式阻断。用 Morris 水迷宫（MWM）测试评估 LPS（10μg，脑室内）处理或不处理 6-姜酚的大鼠的空间学习和记忆。6-姜酚以剂量依赖的方式减轻 LPS 诱导的 MWM 学习和记忆损伤。此外，6-姜酚抑制了 LPS 诱导的大鼠大脑中 GFAP 和 TNF-α水平的升高。结果表明，6-姜酚通过抑制星形胶质细胞的过度激活，有助于改善认知能力。
