Leuzy Antoine, Heurling Kerstin, Ashton Nicholas J, Schöll Michael, Zimmer Eduardo R
Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Yale J Biol Med. 2018 Sep 21;91(3):291-300. eCollection 2018 Sep.
Recent revisions to the diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) incorporated conceptual advances in the field. Specifically, AD is now recognized to encompass a continuum, spanning from preclinical (accruing brain pathology in the absence of symptoms) through symptomatic predementia (prodromal AD, mild cognitive impairment) and dementia phases. The role of biological markers (biomarkers) of both the underlying molecular pathologies and related neurodegenerative changes has also been acknowledged. In this abridged review, we provide an overview of fluid (cerebrospinal fluid and blood) and molecular imaging-based biomarkers used within the field and discuss the potential role of computer driven artificial intelligence approaches for both the early and accurate identification of AD and as a tool for population enrichment in clinical trials testing candidate disease modifying therapies.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）诊断标准的近期修订纳入了该领域的概念性进展。具体而言，现在认识到AD涵盖了一个连续体，从临床前阶段（无症状时累积脑病理学改变）到有症状的痴呆前阶段（前驱性AD，轻度认知障碍）以及痴呆阶段。潜在分子病理学和相关神经退行性变化的生物标志物的作用也得到了认可。在这篇缩略综述中，我们概述了该领域使用的基于液体（脑脊液和血液）和分子成像的生物标志物，并讨论了计算机驱动的人工智能方法在早期准确识别AD方面的潜在作用，以及作为临床试验中富集人群以测试候选疾病修饰疗法的工具的潜在作用。
