Alhaji Nma Bida, Babalobi Olutayo Olajide, Isola Tajudeen Opeyemi
Niger State Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Minna, Nigeria.
Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
One Health. 2018 Sep 8;6:16-22. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2018.09.001. eCollection 2018 Dec.
Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a vector-borne re-emerging viral zoonosis that mainly affects poor and marginalized populations in Africa and the Middle East. The study assessed pastoralists' knowledge/awareness and preventive measures towards RVF in Fulani nomadic pastoral communities of Niger State, North-central Nigeria. An interview questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in randomly selected 403 Fulani nomadic pastoral households. Descriptive and analytical statistical analyses were performed. About 97% (389/403) of the pastoralists responded. Majority (74.0%) of them was males and 26.0% was females, while most (65.3%) did not possess formal education. About 85% and 77% of respondents mentioned high mortality in newborns and abortions in pregnant cows, respectively, as signs of RVF in cattle. Also, 50.6% of respondents mentioned high fever as RVF symptoms in humans, while 36.5% reported headache. Pastoralists in age group 70-99 years (OR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.14, 6.33) and those with tertiary education (OR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.06, 5.99) were more likely to possess satisfactory knowledge about RVF than others. Extensive husbandry system (OR: 6.16; 95% CI: 3.46, 10.97) as well as culture of borrowing and loaning of cattle (OR: 27.00; 95% CI: 12.67, 57.52) were more likely to influenced RVF occurrence in herds compared to other factors. The survey revealed gaps in levels of knowledge and practices regarding RVF among pastoralists. Socio-cultural activities were key social drivers for RVF occurrence in pastoral herds. The gaps, influenced by socio-demographic and cultural factors, necessitate the need for multidisciplinary approach including anthropologists in RVF preventive education for the pastoralists. Also, cross-disciplinary studies that would increase understanding of social determinants of re-emerging zoonotic diseases are encouraged.
裂谷热（RVF）是一种通过媒介传播的再度出现的病毒性人畜共患病，主要影响非洲和中东的贫困及边缘化人群。该研究评估了尼日利亚中北部尼日尔州富拉尼游牧牧民社区的牧民对裂谷热的知识/认知以及预防措施。在随机抽取的403户富拉尼游牧牧民家庭中开展了一项基于访谈问卷的横断面调查。进行了描述性和分析性统计分析。约97%（389/403）的牧民做出了回应。其中大多数（74.0%）为男性，26.0%为女性，而大多数（65.3%）没有接受过正规教育。分别约85%和77%的受访者提到新生犊牛高死亡率和怀孕母牛流产是牛群感染裂谷热的迹象。此外，50.6%的受访者提到高热是人类感染裂谷热的症状，而36.5%的受访者报告了头痛症状。70 - 99岁年龄组的牧民（比值比：2.69；95%置信区间：1.14，6.33）以及受过高等教育的牧民（比值比：2.53；95%置信区间：1.06，5.99）比其他人更有可能对裂谷热有满意的了解。与其他因素相比，粗放式养殖系统（比值比：6.16；95%置信区间：3.46，10.97）以及牛只借贷文化（比值比：27.00；95%置信区间：12.67，57.52）更有可能影响畜群中裂谷热的发生。该调查揭示了牧民在裂谷热知识水平和实践方面存在差距。社会文化活动是牧区畜群中裂谷热发生的关键社会驱动因素。受社会人口学和文化因素影响的这些差距，使得有必要采取多学科方法，包括让人类学家参与对牧民的裂谷热预防教育。此外，鼓励开展跨学科研究，以增进对再度出现的人畜共患病社会决定因素的理解。
