Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, TAMU, College Station, Texas, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2018 Sep 27;13(9):e0204691. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204691. eCollection 2018.
The impact of probiotics on dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome (AHDS) has not been evaluated so far. The study aim was to assess the effect of probiotic treatment on the clinical course, intestinal microbiome, and toxigenic Clostridium perfringens in dogs with AHDS in a prospective, placebo-controlled, blinded trial.
Twenty-five dogs with AHDS with no signs of sepsis were randomly divided into a probiotic (PRO; Visbiome, ExeGi Pharma) and placebo group (PLAC). Treatment was administered for 21 days without antibiotics. Clinical signs were evaluated daily from day 0 to day 8. Key bacterial taxa, C. perfringens encoding NetF toxin and enterotoxin were assessed on days 0, 7, 21.
Both groups showed a rapid clinical improvement. In PRO a significant clinical recovery was observed on day 3 (p = 0.008), while in PLAC it was observed on day 4 (p = 0.002) compared to day 0. Abundance of Blautia (p<0.001) and Faecalibacterium (p = 0.035) was significantly higher in PRO on day 7 compared to day 0, while in PLAC the abundance of Faecalibacterium was not significantly higher on any study day and Blautia (p = 0.016) was only significantly higher on day 21 compared to day 0. Abundance of C. perfringens was significantly lower on day 7 (p = 0.011) compared to day 0 in PRO but not in PLAC. Enterotoxin genes were significantly lower in PRO on day 21 (p = 0.028) compared to PLAC. Fecal samples of 57% of all dogs were positive for netF toxin genes on day 0 and the abundance was significantly lower on day 7 compared to day 0 in PRO (p = 0.016) and PLAC (p = 0.031).
The probiotic treatment was associated with an accelerated normalization of the intestinal microbiome. Dogs with aseptic AHDS showed a rapid decrease of netF toxin genes and fast clinical recovery in both groups under symptomatic treatment without antibiotics.
目前尚未评估益生菌对患有急性出血性腹泻综合征（AHDS）的狗的影响。本研究旨在评估益生菌治疗对无败血症的 AHDS 犬临床病程、肠道微生物组和产毒梭状芽胞杆菌的影响，这是一项前瞻性、安慰剂对照、盲法试验。
将 25 只患有 AHDS 且无脓毒症迹象的狗随机分为益生菌（PRO；Visbiome，ExeGi Pharma）和安慰剂组（PLAC）。治疗在没有抗生素的情况下进行 21 天。从第 0 天到第 8 天每天评估临床症状。在第 0、7、21 天评估关键细菌类群、编码 NetF 毒素和肠毒素的产气荚膜梭菌。
两组均迅速临床改善。PRO 组在第 3 天（p = 0.008）观察到显著的临床恢复，而 PLAC 组在第 4 天（p = 0.002）观察到显著的临床恢复，与第 0 天相比。与第 0 天相比，PRO 组第 7 天的 Blautia（p<0.001）和 Faecalibacterium（p = 0.035）丰度显著升高，而 PLAC 组任何研究日的 Faecalibacterium 丰度均未显著升高，Blautia 丰度仅在第 21 天与第 0 天相比显著升高。与第 0 天相比，PRO 组第 7 天的产气荚膜梭菌丰度显著降低（p = 0.011），但 PLAC 组没有。与 PLAC 相比，PRO 组第 21 天的肠毒素基因显著降低（p = 0.028）。所有犬的粪便样本中有 57%在第 0 天检测到 netF 毒素基因，且与第 0 天相比，PRO（p = 0.016）和 PLAC（p = 0.031）在第 7 天的丰度均显著降低。
益生菌治疗与肠道微生物组的快速正常化有关。在无抗生素的对症治疗下，患有无菌性 AHDS 的狗的 netF 毒素基因迅速减少，两组的临床恢复均较快。
