Uket Helen Omini, Ekanem Emmanuel Eyo, Okpara Henry Chima, Ekrikpo Udeme Ekpenyong
Department of Paediatrics, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.
Department of Paediatrics, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
Niger Postgrad Med J. 2018 Jul-Sep;25(3):137-142. doi: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_41_18.
In Nigeria and many parts of the world, the pentavalent vaccine is replacing the diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) vaccine in tetanus prevention.
The aim of this study was to compare the anti-tetanus immunoglobulin G (IgG) response of children who received DPT with those who received the pentavalent vaccine.
A cross-sectional survey of anti-tetanus IgG levels in children aged 6 months to 5 years who received DPT and in children who received the pentavalent vaccine. IgG antibody levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protective level was set at ≥0.1 IU/ml.
One hundred and twenty-two out of 130 children (93.9%) who had received DPT had protective levels of anti-tetanus IgG compared to 278 out of 288 children (96.5%) who had received the pentavalent vaccine. The difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.21). The median IgG antibody level in those who received DPT was 1.1 IU/ml (interquartile range (IQR) 0.4-1.8) compared with 0.6 IU/ml (IQR 0.4-1.4) in those who received pentavalent vaccine (P = 0.006), with age being the only predictor of variability in the multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSION/RECOMMENDATION: DPT and pentavalent vaccines are equally effective in inducing protective levels of anti-tetanus IgG in children. Vaccination with the pentavalent vaccine, which is the current policy in Nigeria and many other parts of the world, should continue.
在尼日利亚和世界许多地区，五价疫苗正在取代白喉-百日咳-破伤风（DPT）疫苗用于预防破伤风。
本研究的目的是比较接种DPT疫苗的儿童与接种五价疫苗的儿童的抗破伤风免疫球蛋白G（IgG）反应。
对6个月至5岁接种DPT疫苗的儿童和接种五价疫苗的儿童进行抗破伤风IgG水平的横断面调查。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法测定IgG抗体水平。保护水平设定为≥0.1 IU/ml。
130名接种DPT疫苗的儿童中有122名（93.9%）抗破伤风IgG水平达到保护水平，相比之下，288名接种五价疫苗的儿童中有278名（96.5%）达到保护水平。差异无统计学意义（P = 0.21）。接种DPT疫苗的儿童中IgG抗体水平中位数为1.1 IU/ml（四分位间距（IQR）0.4 - 1.8），而接种五价疫苗的儿童中为0.6 IU/ml（IQR 0.4 - 1.4）（P = 0.006），在多变量分析中年龄是变异性的唯一预测因素。
结论/建议：DPT疫苗和五价疫苗在诱导儿童抗破伤风IgG达到保护水平方面同样有效。在尼日利亚和世界许多其他地区目前采用的五价疫苗接种政策应继续推行。
