Li Miao, Mustillo Sarah, Anderson James
Department of Sociology, Anthropology and Criminal Justice, Clemson University, USA.
Department of Sociology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA.
Soc Sci Res. 2018 Nov;76:92-104. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2018.05.009. Epub 2018 Jun 5.
Integrating several life course models, this study examines how childhood poverty dynamics shape the risk of adulthood overweight/obesity. Growth mixture models of yearly poverty data from age 0-16 from the U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics identify four childhood poverty trajectories: chronic poverty, early childhood poverty, downward mobility, and poverty-free. Chronic poverty and early childhood poverty groups have higher risk of adulthood overweight/obesity than the poverty-free group. Overweight/obesity risk is not significantly different between the chronic poverty group and the early childhood poverty group, suggesting that the effects of early childhood exposure persist despite subsequent upward mobility. Downward mobility in the absence of early childhood poverty does not significantly increase adulthood obesity risk, providing further evidence that early childhood is a critical period for developing risk of overweight and obesity. These findings shed new light on the timing model, social mobility model, cumulative model, and cumulative inequality theory.
本研究整合了多个生命历程模型，考察童年贫困动态如何塑造成年期超重/肥胖风险。利用美国收入动态面板研究中0至16岁年度贫困数据的生长混合模型，识别出四种童年贫困轨迹：长期贫困、幼儿期贫困、向下流动和无贫困。长期贫困和幼儿期贫困组成年期超重/肥胖风险高于无贫困组。长期贫困组和幼儿期贫困组之间的超重/肥胖风险无显著差异，这表明尽管随后有向上流动，但幼儿期暴露的影响依然存在。在没有幼儿期贫困的情况下向下流动不会显著增加成年期肥胖风险，这进一步证明幼儿期是发展超重和肥胖风险的关键时期。这些发现为时机模型、社会流动模型、累积模型和累积不平等理论提供了新的视角。
