Department of Demography, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA.
Soc Sci Res. 2023 Mar;111:102796. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2022.102796. Epub 2022 Sep 16.
This study uses data from the longitudinal Panel Study of Income Dynamics data and its Transition to Adulthood (TA) Study (2005-2017), in conjunction with decades of neighborhood-level data from the U.S. decennial census and American Community Survey, to examine the relationship between individuals' neighborhood poverty exposure trajectories in childhood and the likelihood of obesity in emerging adulthood. Latent growth mixture models reveal that exposure to neighborhood poverty differs considerably for white and nonwhite individuals over their childhood life course. Durable exposure to neighborhood poverty confers greater subsequent obesity risks in emerging adulthood than transitory experiences of neighborhood poverty. Racial differences in the changing and persistent trajectories of neighborhood poverty help explain part of the racial differences in obesity risks. Among nonwhites, and compared to consistent nonpoor neighborhood conditions, both durable and transitory neighborhood poverty exposures are significantly associated with higher obesity risks. This study suggests that a theoretical framework that integrates key elements of the life-course perspective is helpful to uncover the individual and structural pathways through which neighborhood histories in poverty shape population health in general.
本研究使用了纵向收入动态面板数据及其成年过渡期（TA）研究（2005-2017 年）的数据，以及美国十年一次的人口普查和美国社区调查的数十年邻里数据，来考察个体在儿童时期的邻里贫困暴露轨迹与成年早期肥胖的可能性之间的关系。潜在增长混合模型表明，在整个儿童生命历程中，白人个体和非白人个体的邻里贫困暴露程度存在显著差异。与邻里贫困的短暂经历相比，持久的邻里贫困暴露会增加成年早期肥胖的后续风险。邻里贫困变化和持续轨迹的种族差异有助于解释肥胖风险的部分种族差异。在非白人中，与持续非贫困的邻里条件相比，持久和短暂的邻里贫困暴露都与更高的肥胖风险显著相关。本研究表明，一个整合生命历程观点关键要素的理论框架有助于揭示通过贫困邻里史塑造总体人口健康的个体和结构途径。
