Neuroscience Center, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00029 Helsinki, Finland.
Trends Neurosci. 2018 Oct;41(10):729-743. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2018.08.008. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
Sensorimotor predictions are essential for adaptive behavior. In natural environments, events that demand sensorimotor predictions unfold across many timescales, and corresponding temporal predictions (either explicit or implicit) should therefore emerge in brain dynamics. Neuronal oscillations are scale-specific processes found in several frequency bands. They underlie periodicity in sensorimotor processing and can represent temporal predictions via their phase dynamics. These processes build upon endogenous neural rhythmicity and adapt in response to exogenous timing demands. While much of the research on periodicity in neural processing has focused on subsecond oscillations, these fast-scale rhythms are in fact paralleled by critical-like, scale-free dynamics and fluctuations of brain activity at various timescales, ranging from seconds to hundreds of seconds. In this review, we put forth a framework positing that critical brain dynamics are essential for the role of neuronal oscillations in timing and that cross-frequency coupling flexibly organizes neuronal processing across multiple frequencies.
感觉运动预测对于适应行为至关重要。在自然环境中，需要感觉运动预测的事件会在多个时间尺度上展开，因此大脑动态中应该会出现相应的时间预测（显式或隐式）。神经元振荡是在几个频带中发现的特定于尺度的过程。它们是感觉运动处理周期性的基础，并且可以通过它们的相位动力学来表示时间预测。这些过程建立在内在神经节律性的基础上，并根据外源性时间需求进行适应。虽然神经处理中周期性的大部分研究都集中在亚秒级振荡上，但这些快尺度的节律实际上与关键的无尺度动力学以及大脑活动在各种时间尺度上的波动并行，从秒到数百秒不等。在这篇综述中，我们提出了一个框架，假设关键的大脑动力学对于神经元振荡在定时中的作用至关重要，并且跨频耦合灵活地组织了多个频率的神经元处理。
