Heick John D, Bay Curt, Valovich McLeod Tamara C
Northern Arizona University, Program in Physical Therapy, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.
Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, AZ, USA.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2018 Aug;13(5):808-818.
Oculomotor function is impaired when an individual has a concussion and as such, it is important to identify tests that are able to assess oculomotor impairment. The King-Devick (K-D) test assesses horizontal saccadic eye movement and attention. The Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test is designed to identify oculomotor dysfunction in children. It measures both horizontal and vertical saccades. The K-D test shows promise as a concussion-screening tool and part of a multifactorial assessment. The DEM has not been tested as a concussion assessment tool, but the neuroanatomical control of horizontal and vertical saccades originates from different areas of the brain, so one might expect to see differences in performance on the K-D and DEM tests when administered to concussed patients. First, it is important to determine if performance on the DEM and K-D tests, particularly with respect to the measurement of vertical and horizontal saccades, is similar in a healthy population.Hypothesis/Purpose: The primary purpose was to evaluate the relationship between horizontal and vertical saccade tests over repeated trials in normal, healthy subjects. A secondary purpose of this study was to determine the number of trials needed to reach a performance plateau for both the DEM and K-D tests.Study Design: This study used a prospective cohort research design.
Forty-two healthy non-concussed participants (22 males, 20 females; mean age, 24.2 ± 2.92 years) completed six repeated trials of both the DEM, and then six trials of the K-D test in a single testing session. Trials within each test were performed in random order and participants were offered short rest breaks as needed between test administrations.
Results indicated strong correlations, r=.67, or greater, between measurements of horizontal and vertical saccades. Performance plateaued on the K-D at trial three and on the DEM at trial two for both horizontal and vertical saccades.
It appears that the DEM and K-D tests measure similar constructs in healthy individuals and that no additional information is provided by assessment of vertical saccades. Additional studies are required to investigate the usefulness of the DEM in concussed individuals.
3: Laboratory study with repeated measures.
个体发生脑震荡时，眼球运动功能会受损，因此，识别能够评估眼球运动功能受损的测试很重要。金 - 德维克（K - D）测试评估水平扫视眼动和注意力。发育性眼动（DEM）测试旨在识别儿童的眼球运动功能障碍。它同时测量水平和垂直扫视。K - D测试有望成为一种脑震荡筛查工具以及多因素评估的一部分。DEM尚未作为脑震荡评估工具进行测试，但水平和垂直扫视的神经解剖学控制源自大脑的不同区域，因此，当对脑震荡患者进行K - D和DEM测试时，可能会在测试表现上看到差异。首先，确定在健康人群中DEM和K - D测试的表现，特别是在水平和垂直扫视测量方面是否相似很重要。
假设/目的：主要目的是评估正常健康受试者在重复试验中水平和垂直扫视测试之间的关系。本研究的次要目的是确定DEM和K - D测试达到表现平稳期所需的试验次数。
本研究采用前瞻性队列研究设计。
42名未发生脑震荡的健康参与者（22名男性，20名女性；平均年龄24.2±2.92岁）在一次测试中完成了DEM的六次重复试验，然后完成了K - D测试的六次试验。每个测试中的试验按随机顺序进行，在测试之间根据需要为参与者提供短暂休息。
结果表明，水平和垂直扫视测量之间存在强相关性，r = 0.67或更高。对于水平和垂直扫视，K - D测试在第三次试验时表现平稳，DEM测试在第二次试验时表现平稳。
似乎DEM和K - D测试在健康个体中测量的是相似的结构，并且垂直扫视评估没有提供额外信息。需要进一步研究来调查DEM在脑震荡个体中的有用性。
3：重复测量的实验室研究。
