Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Acta Ophthalmol. 2019 Feb;97(1):29-35. doi: 10.1111/aos.13842. Epub 2018 Oct 2.
To evaluate the prevalence of amblyopia and associated biometric factors in Danish children.
Determination of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using ETDRS charts, non-cycloplegic subjective refractioning guided by automated refractometry, axial length and corneal curvature, fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in 1335 children from the population-based Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 (CCC2000) Eye Study. Birth data were obtained from the Danish Medical Birth Registry.
The mean (±SD) age of children was 11.7 (±0.4) years, and 47% were boys. Amblyopia prevalence was 1.5 (95% CL 0.8-2.2) %. Unilateral amblyopic eyes [BCVA < 80 ETDRS letters (0.8 snellen) and ≥2 lines difference between the eyes] was 0.6 (95% CL 0.3-1.0) mm shorter, 1.34 (95% CL 0.30-2.37) D more hyperopic and had 0.79 (95% CL 0.14-1.44) D more astigmatism compared with fellow eyes. Compared with the right eyes of the non-amblyopic children, unilateral amblyopic eyes were 1.0 (95% CL 0.5-1.6) mm shorter, 2.48 (95% CL 1.11-3.86) D more hyperopic, 1.09 (95% CL 0.43-1.75) D more astigmatic and had a 47 (95% CL 13-81) μm thicker subfoveal choroid.
Amblyopia was found in 1.5% of Danish children born 22 years after the inception of the nationwide preschool visual screening programme. Amblyopia was associated with anisometropia, astigmatism, a thicker subfoveal choroid and a history of childhood strabismus.
评估丹麦儿童弱视的患病率及相关生物测量因素。
在基于人群的哥本哈根儿童队列 2000 年（CCC2000）眼部研究中，对 1335 名儿童使用 ETDRS 图表测量最佳矫正视力（BCVA），使用自动折射仪进行非睫状肌麻痹主观屈光检查，测量眼轴长度和角膜曲率，拍摄眼底照片并进行光学相干断层扫描（OCT）。出生数据来自丹麦医学出生登记处。
儿童的平均（±SD）年龄为 11.7（±0.4）岁，其中 47%为男孩。弱视患病率为 1.5（95%可信区间 0.8-2.2）%。单侧弱视眼（BCVA＜80 ETDRS 字母（0.8 视力表）且双眼相差≥2 行）比对侧眼短 0.6（95%可信区间 0.3-1.0）mm，远视度高 1.34（95%可信区间 0.30-2.37）D，散光度高 0.79（95%可信区间 0.14-1.44）D。与非弱视儿童的右眼相比，单侧弱视眼短 1.0（95%可信区间 0.5-1.6）mm，远视度高 2.48（95%可信区间 1.11-3.86）D，散光度高 1.09（95%可信区间 0.43-1.75）D，且黄斑下脉络膜厚 47（95%可信区间 13-81）μm。
丹麦开展全国性学龄前视力筛查计划 22 年后，发现 1.5%的儿童患有弱视。弱视与屈光不正、散光、黄斑下脉络膜增厚和儿童斜视史有关。
