Department of Radiology & Diagnostic Imaging, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
PLoS One. 2018 Oct 3;13(10):e0200596. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200596. eCollection 2018.
The current methods to image alveolar bone in humans include intraoral 2D radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). However, these methods expose the subject to ionizing radiation. Therefore, ultrasound imaging has been investigated as an alternative technique, as it is both non-invasive and free from ionizing radiation. In order to assess the validity and reliability of ultrasonography in visualizing alveolar bone, a systematic review was conducted comparing ultrasound imaging to CBCT for examination of the alveolar bone level.
Seven databases were searched. Studies addressing examination of alveolar bone level via CBCT and ultrasound were selected. Risk of bias under Cochrane guidelines was used as a methodological quality assessment tool.
All the four included studies were ex vivo studies that used porcine or human cadaver samples. The alveolar bone level was measured by the distance from the alveolar bone crest to certain landmarks such as cemento-enamel junction or gingival margin. The risk of bias was found as low. The mean difference between ultrasound and CBCT measurements ranged from 0.07 mm to 0.68 mm, equivalent to 1.6% - 8.8%.
There is currently preliminary evidence to support the use of ultrasonography as compared to CBCT for the examination of alveolar bone level. Further studies comparing ultrasound to gold standard methods would be necessary to help validate the accuracy of ultrasonography as a diagnostic technique in periodontal imaging.
目前用于人类牙槽骨成像的方法包括口腔内 2D 射线照相和锥形束 CT（CBCT）。然而，这些方法会使受检者暴露在电离辐射下。因此，超声成像已被研究作为替代技术，因为它既非侵入性又无电离辐射。为了评估超声在可视化牙槽骨方面的有效性和可靠性，对超声与 CBCT 检查牙槽骨水平的比较进行了系统评价。
搜索了七个数据库。选择了通过 CBCT 和超声检查牙槽骨水平的研究。根据 Cochrane 指南，风险偏倚被用作方法学质量评估工具。
所有四项纳入的研究都是使用猪或人体尸体样本的离体研究。牙槽骨水平通过从牙槽嵴到牙釉质-牙骨质界或牙龈边缘等特定标志的距离来测量。发现风险偏倚较低。超声和 CBCT 测量之间的平均差值范围为 0.07 毫米至 0.68 毫米，相当于 1.6%至 8.8%。
目前有初步证据支持将超声与 CBCT 相比，用于检查牙槽骨水平。需要进一步比较超声与金标准方法的研究，以帮助验证超声作为牙周成像诊断技术的准确性。
