Goecke Michaela, Duhme Kathrin
Referat 1-13, Prävention des Substanzmissbrauchs, Suchtprävention, Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA), Maarweg 149-161, 50825, Köln, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2018 Nov;61(11):1439-1445. doi: 10.1007/s00103-018-2824-x.
Currently, 28.7% of 18- to 64-year-olds in Germany smoke (26.1% of women/31.2% of men). Among the 12- to 17-year-olds, the smoking rate at 7.4%, is at a historic low. The smoking rate among the 18- to 25-year-olds has also fallen in recent years.The most important goal of the nationwide measures of the Federal Center for Health Education (BZgA) on tobacco prevention is to reduce the smoking rate. For this purpose, the BZgA carries out the "smoke-free" campaign, which is targeted at both adolescents and adults. With a closely interlinked and continuously reviewed and further developed mix of measures, the target groups are reached on the internet, in settings and via media and mass communication. In addition to the information on the risks of smoking and passive smoking, the motivation to quit smoking and the quality-assured support in smoking cessation play an important role here.The measures of the BZgA are reviewed and further developed on the basis of representative surveys on the smoking behavior of the 12- to 25-year-olds, which the BZgA regularly carries out. On this basis, new products, such as e‑cigarettes, e‑shishas or tobacco heaters, and new consumer trends, such as the trend for waterpipe smoking, are integrated. Access routes to the target groups are continuously reviewed against the background of the digitization of society and the health-promoting design of settings is supported. All in all, the smoke-free campaign offers a quality-assured range of measures that is continuously being developed.
目前，德国18至64岁人群中有28.7%的人吸烟（女性为26.1%，男性为31.2%）。在12至17岁的青少年中，吸烟率为7.4%，处于历史低位。18至25岁人群的吸烟率近年来也有所下降。联邦健康教育中心（BZgA）在全国范围内开展的烟草预防措施的最重要目标是降低吸烟率。为此，BZgA开展了“无烟”运动，该运动针对青少年和成年人。通过一系列紧密相连、不断审查和进一步完善的措施组合，在互联网、场所环境以及通过媒体和大众传播等渠道接触目标群体。除了提供有关吸烟和被动吸烟风险的信息外，戒烟动机以及戒烟过程中有质量保证的支持也起着重要作用。BZgA的措施是根据其定期对12至25岁人群吸烟行为进行的代表性调查进行审查和进一步完善的。在此基础上，将电子烟、电子水烟或烟草加热器等新产品以及水烟吸食趋势等新的消费趋势纳入其中。针对社会数字化背景，不断审查接触目标群体的途径，并支持场所环境的健康促进设计。总体而言，“无烟”运动提供了一系列有质量保证且不断发展的措施。
