Orth Boris, Merkel Christina
Referat 2‑25 Forschung, Qualitätssicherung, Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA), Maarweg 149-161, 50825, Köln, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2018 Nov;61(11):1377-1387. doi: 10.1007/s00103-018-2820-1.
National and international studies indicate that despite the decline in the consumption of traditional tobacco cigarettes, the consumption of other products, such as waterpipes (or hookahs), e‑cigarettes or e‑hookahs (a variant of e‑cigarettes), may be increasing. In addition to the long-term change in smoking behaviour, this article examines how the prevalence of smoking tobacco cigarettes, waterpipes, e‑cigarettes and e‑hookahs in adolescents and young adults in Germany has developed between 2007 and 2016.
Data are based on representative surveys on substance use among adolescents and young adults between the ages of 12 and 25 conducted by the Federal Center for Health Education (BZgA) from 1973 to 2016. Age- and gender-specific trends of the proportion of those who describe themselves as smokers are shown. Additionally, trends of single and combined 30-day prevalence of consumption of tobacco cigarettes, waterpipes, e‑cigarettes and e‑hookahs are presented and tested for significance.
Between 2007 and 2016, the decline in the proportion of adolescents and young adults who call themselves smokers and the decline of 30-day prevalence of consumption of tobacco cigarettes continued. At the same time, the consumption of waterpipes is rising in young adults and the consumption of e‑cigarettes is rising in young men. Among adolescents, the exclusive use of waterpipes, e‑cigarettes or e‑hookahs was more widespread in 2016 than the exclusive consumption of tobacco cigarettes.
In comparison to tobacco cigarettes, the consumption of waterpipes, e‑cigarettes and e‑hookahs is becoming increasingly important among adolescents and young adults. Thus, these products must also be considered in the planning and design of preventive measures for the prevention of smoking.
国内和国际研究表明，尽管传统卷烟的消费量有所下降，但水烟（或水烟袋）、电子烟或电子水烟（电子烟的一种变体）等其他产品的消费量可能正在增加。除了吸烟行为的长期变化外，本文还研究了2007年至2016年间德国青少年和年轻人中吸食卷烟、水烟、电子烟和电子水烟的流行情况是如何发展的。
数据基于联邦健康教育中心（BZgA）在1973年至2016年间对12至25岁青少年和年轻人进行的关于物质使用的代表性调查。展示了自认为是吸烟者的比例的年龄和性别特定趋势。此外，还呈现了卷烟、水烟、电子烟和电子水烟单一及综合30天消费流行率的趋势，并对其进行了显著性检验。
2007年至2016年间，自认为是吸烟者的青少年和年轻人比例持续下降，卷烟30天消费流行率也持续下降。与此同时，年轻人中水烟消费量在上升，年轻男性中电子烟消费量在上升。在青少年中，2016年单独使用水烟、电子烟或电子水烟比单独吸食卷烟更为普遍。
与卷烟相比，水烟、电子烟和电子水烟在青少年和年轻人中的消费变得越来越重要。因此，在预防吸烟的预防措施的规划和设计中也必须考虑这些产品。
