The prevalence of depression and insomnia symptoms among patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis in Poland: a case control study.

The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of symptoms of depression and insomnia among patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis in comparison with individuals without chronic diseases. The study was carried out at National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, included 229 persons. The participants were divided into the following groups: group I - 120 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, group II - 58 patients with osteoarthritis, group III - 51 healthy individuals no confirmed depression (control group). Symptoms of depression were confirmed by a multiple-choice self-reported Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire. Symptoms of depression confirmed with depression inventory≥ 10 occurred as follows: patients with rheumatoid arthritis - 75.83%, patients with osteoarthritis - 50%, control group - 23.53% (p<0.0001), with the prevalence of insomnia (AIS≥6) at: 71%, 32% and 33%, respectively (p<0.001). In group I mean values of FIRST and AIS were 23.06 and 8.36 respectively, with group II: 21.71 and 7.84, respectively. In all subjects with AIS≥6, the depression inventory was statistically significantly (p<0.005) higher than in the subjects with AIS<6 (respectively: 17.02 vs 12.13; 15.6 vs 8.05; 5.45 vs 1.81). Patients with rheumatoid arthritis find it difficult to cope with stress. Insomnia as a reaction to stress occurs more often in this group.