Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
J Adolesc Health. 2018 Dec;63(6):694-700. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.06.033. Epub 2018 Oct 2.
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is associated with increased risk of suicide attempts. Theories of NSSI assert interpersonal stress as a common risk factor for, and perhaps consequence of, NSSI. Prior research has not examined reciprocal associations between chronic interpersonal stress and NSSI. This study used a multiwave, prospective design to address this gap in a sample of adolescent girls, a group with elevated risk for both chronic interpersonal stress and NSSI. Pubertal development was examined as a moderator of the reciprocal associations.
Adolescent girls (N = 220; ages 12-16, M age = 14.69 years) at heightened risk for NSSI completed a baseline assessment and follow-up assessments over 18 months, divided into two 9-month epochs (Time 1 and 2). Pubertal development was assessed via self- and parent-report. Chronic interpersonal stress was assessed using a semistructured interview at the end of each time period. NSSI was measured using a semistructured clinical interview every 3 months within both time periods to enhance accurate reporting.
Path models revealed that chronic romantic stress during Time 1, but not peer or parent-child stress, predicted NSSI during Time 2 among girls with more advanced pubertal development. Moreover, NSSI during Time 1 predicted higher levels of chronic romantic and parent-child stress during Time 2.
Results revealed a reciprocal relationship between chronic romantic stress and engagement in NSSI. Further, this association may be best understood in the context of pubertal development.
非自杀性自伤（NSSI）与自杀企图的风险增加有关。NSSI 的理论认为，人际压力是 NSSI 的常见风险因素，也是其后果之一。先前的研究尚未检验慢性人际压力与 NSSI 之间的相互关联。本研究使用多波、前瞻性设计，在一组青少年女孩中研究了这一差距，这些女孩有较高的慢性人际压力和 NSSI 风险。青春期发育被视为相互关联的调节因素。
处于 NSSI 高风险的青少年女孩（N=220；年龄 12-16 岁，平均年龄 14.69 岁）完成了基线评估，并在 18 个月内进行了两次随访评估，分为两个 9 个月的时期（时间 1 和 2）。青春期发育通过自我报告和父母报告进行评估。慢性人际压力在每个时间点结束时使用半结构化访谈进行评估。在两个时间期间的每 3 个月内，使用半结构化临床访谈来测量 NSSI，以提高准确报告的能力。
路径模型显示，在青春期发育程度较高的女孩中，时间 1 的慢性浪漫压力，而不是同伴或亲子压力，预测了时间 2 的 NSSI。此外，时间 1 的 NSSI 预测了时间 2 中更高水平的慢性浪漫压力和亲子压力。
结果显示慢性浪漫压力与 NSSI 的参与之间存在相互关系。此外，这种关联可能最好在青春期发育的背景下理解。
