Barrocas Andrea L, Giletta Matteo, Hankin Benjamin L, Prinstein Mitchell J, Abela John R Z
Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA,
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2015 Feb;43(2):369-80. doi: 10.1007/s10802-014-9895-4.
Although prevalence rates of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) has been established throughout adolescence, little is known about the progression of NSSI, and consequently, about the risk factors for youth NSSI engagement. This study aimed to describe the overall longitudinal course of NSSI and the latent trajectory classes of NSSI in a population-based sample of adolescents using multi-wave data. Moreover, this study examined whether sex, lifetime history of depression, rumination, and negative attributional style predicted the longitudinal course of NSSI and trajectory group membership. Participants were 617 Chinese adolescents in Grades 10 through 12 (51.4 % girls). NSSI was assessed across eight waves of data. History of depression, rumination, and negative attributional style were assessed at baseline. Latent growth curve modeling revealed that only lifetime depression predicted the longitudinal course of NSSI from Grades 10 to 12, with depressed adolescents showing greater and more stable NSSI engagement over time than non-depressed adolescents. Group-based trajectory modeling yielded three distinct trajectory classes of NSSI engagement: low (69.2 %), moderate (26.1 %), and chronic (4.7 %). Negative attributional style distinguished adolescents in the chronic vs. low and moderate NSSI trajectory classes. Sex, rumination, and lifetime depression predicted membership in the chronic and/or moderate vs. low NSSI trajectory class. NSSI trajectory classes, based on frequency of NSSI, exist and are differentiated by sex, depression history, rumination, and negative attributional style. This study suggests that during this period of adolescence NSSI may be a relatively stable behavior, especially for some adolescents. Negative attributional style may be a salient risk factor for chronic NSSI engagement.
尽管非自杀性自伤（NSSI）在整个青春期的患病率已得到确定，但对于NSSI的发展过程，以及青少年参与NSSI的风险因素却知之甚少。本研究旨在利用多波数据，描述基于人群的青少年样本中NSSI的总体纵向病程及NSSI的潜在轨迹类别。此外，本研究还考察了性别、抑郁终生史、反刍思维和消极归因风格是否能预测NSSI的纵向病程及轨迹组成员身份。研究对象为617名十至十二年级的中国青少年（51.4%为女生）。在八波数据中评估NSSI情况。在基线时评估抑郁史、反刍思维和消极归因风格。潜在增长曲线模型显示，只有抑郁终生史能预测十至十二年级NSSI的纵向病程，抑郁青少年随着时间推移比非抑郁青少年表现出更强烈、更稳定的NSSI行为。基于群体的轨迹模型产生了三种不同的NSSI行为轨迹类别：低频率（69.2%）、中等频率（26.1%）和慢性（4.7%）。消极归因风格区分了慢性与低频率和中等频率NSSI轨迹类别的青少年。性别、反刍思维和抑郁终生史预测了慢性和/或中等频率与低频率NSSI轨迹类别的成员身份。基于NSSI频率的NSSI轨迹类别确实存在，并因性别、抑郁史、反刍思维和消极归因风格而有所不同。本研究表明，在青春期这段时间里，NSSI可能是一种相对稳定的行为，尤其是对一些青少年而言。消极归因风格可能是慢性NSSI行为的一个显著风险因素。
