Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018 Dec;15(12):763-776. doi: 10.1038/s41571-018-0103-2.
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive skin cancer associated with advanced age and immunosuppression. Over the past decade, an association has been discovered between MCC and either integration of the Merkel cell polyomavirus, which likely drives tumorigenesis, or somatic mutations owing to ultraviolet-induced DNA damage. Both virus-positive and virus-negative MCCs are immunogenic, and inhibition of the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)-programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) immune checkpoint has proved to be highly effective in treating patients with metastatic MCC; however, not all patients have a durable response to immunotherapy. Despite these rapid advances in the understanding and management of patients with MCC, many basic, translational and clinical research questions remain unanswered. In March 2018, an International Workshop on Merkel Cell Carcinoma Research was held at the US National Cancer Institute, at which academic, government and industry experts met to identify the highest-priority research questions. Here, we review the biology and treatment of MCC and report the consensus-based recommendations agreed upon during the workshop.
默克尔细胞癌（Merkel cell carcinoma，MCC）是一种罕见且侵袭性强的皮肤癌，与高龄和免疫抑制相关。在过去十年中，人们发现默克尔细胞癌与 Merkel 细胞多瘤病毒的整合之间存在关联，该病毒可能驱动肿瘤发生，或归因于紫外线诱导的 DNA 损伤的体细胞突变。Merkel 细胞多瘤病毒阳性和阴性的 MCC 均具有免疫原性，抑制程序性细胞死亡蛋白 1（PD-1）-程序性死亡配体 1（PD-L1）免疫检查点已被证明对治疗转移性 MCC 患者非常有效；然而，并非所有患者对免疫疗法均有持久应答。尽管在理解和管理 Merkel 细胞癌患者方面取得了这些快速进展，但仍有许多基础、转化和临床研究问题尚未得到解答。2018 年 3 月，在美国国家癌症研究所举行了默克尔细胞癌研究国际研讨会，学术、政府和行业专家在会上会面，以确定最优先的研究问题。在这里，我们回顾了 MCC 的生物学和治疗，并报告了在研讨会上达成的基于共识的建议。
Zotero 插件
