Department of Neurosurgery, Neurology and Neurosciences, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Mov Disord. 2018 Oct;33(10):1540-1550. doi: 10.1002/mds.92. Epub 2018 Oct 4.
For many years the subthalamic nucleus had a poor reputation among neurosurgeons as a result of the acute movement disorders that develop after its lesion or manipulation through different surgical procedures. However, this nucleus is now considered a key structure in relation to parkinsonism, and it is currently one of the preferred therapeutic targets for Parkinson's disease. The implication of the subthalamic nucleus in the pathophysiology of chorea and in the parkinsonian state is thought to be related to its role in modulating the basal ganglia, a fundamental circuit in movement control. Indeed, recent findings have renewed interest in this anatomical structure. Accordingly, this review aims to present a history of the subthalamic nucleus, evolving from the classic surgical concepts associated with the avoidance of this structure, to our current understanding of its importance based on findings from more recent models. Future developments regarding the relationship of the subthalamic nucleus to neuroprotection are also discussed in this review. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
多年来，由于通过不同的手术程序对其进行损伤或操作会导致急性运动障碍，丘脑底核在神经外科医生中的声誉一直不佳。然而，该核现在被认为是与帕金森病相关的关键结构，目前是帕金森病的首选治疗靶点之一。丘脑底核在舞蹈病和帕金森状态的病理生理学中的作用被认为与其在调节基底神经节中的作用有关，基底神经节是运动控制的基本回路。事实上，最近的发现重新引起了人们对这种解剖结构的兴趣。因此，本综述旨在介绍丘脑底核的历史，从经典的手术概念（与避免该结构相关）发展到我们基于最近模型的发现对其重要性的当前理解。本文还讨论了丘脑底核与神经保护之间关系的未来发展。 © 2018 国际帕金森病和运动障碍学会。
