Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, UFSM, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção: Centro de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Químicas e de Alimentos, UFPel, Campus Capão do Leão 96010-900, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2019 Jan;123:298-313. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.005. Epub 2018 Oct 3.
Coffee is a drink prepared from roasted coffee beans and is lauded for its aroma and flavour. It is the third most popular beverage in the world. This beverage is known by its stimulant effect associated with the presence of methylxanthines. Caffeine, a purine-like molecule (1,3,7 trymetylxantine), is the most important bioactive compound in coffee, among others such as chlorogenic acid (CGA), diterpenes, and trigonelline. CGA is a phenolic acid with biological properties as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotector, hypolipidemic, and hypoglicemic. Purinergic system plays a key role inneuromodulation and homeostasis. Extracellular ATP, other nucleotides and adenosine are signalling molecules that act through their specific receptors, namely purinoceptors, P1 for nucleosides and P2 for nucleotides. They regulate many pathological processes, since adenosine, for instance, can limit the damage caused by ATP in the excitotoxicity from the neuronal cells. The primary purpose of this review is to discuss the effects of coffee, caffeine, and CGA on the purinergic system. This review focuses on the relationship/interplay between coffee, caffeine, CGA, and adenosine, and their effects on ectonucleotidases activities as well as on the modulation of P1 and P2 receptors from central nervous system and also in peripheral tissue.
咖啡是一种由烘焙咖啡豆制成的饮品，因其香气和口感而备受赞誉。它是世界上第三大受欢迎的饮料。这种饮料以其与甲基黄嘌呤存在相关的刺激作用而闻名。咖啡因，一种嘌呤样分子（1,3,7 三甲基黄嘌呤），是咖啡中最重要的生物活性化合物之一，其他还有绿原酸（CGA）、二萜和瓜氨酸。CGA 是一种具有生物特性的酚酸，如抗氧化、抗炎、神经保护、降血脂和降血糖。嘌呤能系统在神经调节和内稳态中起着关键作用。细胞外 ATP、其他核苷酸和腺苷是通过其特定的受体，即嘌呤能受体 P1 对核苷和 P2 对核苷酸起作用的信号分子。它们调节许多病理过程，例如，腺苷可以限制神经元细胞兴奋毒性中 ATP 引起的损伤。本综述的主要目的是讨论咖啡、咖啡因和 CGA 对嘌呤能系统的影响。本综述重点讨论了咖啡、咖啡因、CGA 和腺苷之间的关系/相互作用，以及它们对细胞外核苷酸酶活性的影响，以及对中枢神经系统和外周组织中 P1 和 P2 受体的调节。
