Yan Shiyu, Xu Kewei, Li Li, Gu Wenyi, Rolfe Barbara E, Xu Zhi P
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Front Pharmacol. 2018 Sep 20;9:1060. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01060. eCollection 2018.
Nanoparticles (NPs) are intensively investigated as adjuvants in new generation vaccines, while how these NPs promote the immune responses has not been well understood. In this research, we have tried to elucidate the possible pathways for layered double hydroxide (LDH) NPs to provoke immune responses. As previously reported, LDH NPs efficiently deliver antigens to antigen presenting cells (APCs). In this research, we have found that these internalized LDH NPs are not released by these APCs within 8 h. We have for the first time found that macrophage cells exchange the internalized LDH NPs with other surrounding ones, which may promote immune responses in an additional way. Moreover, the internalized LDH-antigen NPs significantly facilitate the maturation of immature DCs and enhance cross-presentation of epitope/MHC class I complexes on the DC surface. This research would help understand the NP adjuvant mechanism and further assist the design of new specific NPs as more efficient nano-adjuvants.
纳米颗粒（NPs）作为新一代疫苗中的佐剂受到了广泛研究，然而这些纳米颗粒如何促进免疫反应尚未得到充分理解。在本研究中，我们试图阐明层状双氢氧化物（LDH）纳米颗粒引发免疫反应的可能途径。如先前报道，LDH纳米颗粒能有效地将抗原递送至抗原呈递细胞（APC）。在本研究中，我们发现这些内化的LDH纳米颗粒在8小时内不会被这些APC释放。我们首次发现巨噬细胞会将内化的LDH纳米颗粒与周围的其他纳米颗粒进行交换，这可能以另一种方式促进免疫反应。此外，内化的LDH-抗原纳米颗粒显著促进未成熟树突状细胞（DC）的成熟，并增强DC表面表位/MHC I类复合物的交叉呈递。本研究将有助于理解纳米颗粒佐剂机制，并进一步协助设计新的特定纳米颗粒作为更有效的纳米佐剂。
