a School of Media, Culture & Society , University of the West of Scotland , Paisley , Scotland , UK.
b School of Psychological Sciences and Health , University of Strathclyde , Glasgow , Scotland , UK.
Psychol Health. 2019 Mar;34(3):255-270. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2018.1500576. Epub 2018 Oct 8.
Research supports the ability of social cognitive theory (SCT) to explain physical activity (PA) behaviour, but most studies have examined this theory between individuals in large group studies. The aim of the present study was to examine the interrelationships between SCT constructs and PA within individuals of varying activity levels.
Correlational n-of-1 studies.
Six adults aged 29-65 with varying levels of PA provided daily measures of PA, and completed probe measures over a four-week period of SCT constructs (e.g. barrier self-efficacy, goal setting, planning, social support, outcome expectations, perceived barriers, enjoyment). Data were analysed using cross-correlational time series analysis.
Cross-correlation analysis showed that at least one SCT construct was associated with PA in five participants, although no individual had the same pattern of associations across the study. On some occasions, SCT constructs predicted subsequent PA, but at other times, PA engagement caused a subsequent change in the SCT construct. There were also examples of PA and SCT constructs being concurrently associated.
SCT factors are associated with variations in PA behaviour, but the cause and effect of these relationships within individuals is complex.
研究支持社会认知理论（SCT）能够解释身体活动（PA）行为，但大多数研究都是在大型群组研究中检验个体之间的这种理论。本研究的目的是检验不同活动水平个体的 SCT 结构与 PA 之间的相互关系。
相关的个体内研究。
6 名年龄在 29-65 岁之间、活动水平不同的成年人提供了每日 PA 测量数据，并在为期四周的 SCT 结构（如障碍自我效能、目标设定、计划、社会支持、预期结果、感知障碍、享受）探针测量中完成了数据收集。使用交叉相关时间序列分析对数据进行分析。
交叉相关分析表明，在五名参与者中，至少有一个 SCT 结构与 PA 相关，但在整个研究过程中，没有一个参与者具有相同的关联模式。有时，SCT 结构可以预测随后的 PA，但在其他时候，PA 参与会导致 SCT 结构随后发生变化。也有 PA 和 SCT 结构同时相关的例子。
SCT 因素与 PA 行为的变化有关，但这些关系在个体内部的因果关系很复杂。
