Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Obes Rev. 2014 Dec;15(12):983-95. doi: 10.1111/obr.12225. Epub 2014 Oct 7.
This review investigated three research questions (i) What is the utility of social cognitive theory (SCT) to explain physical activity (PA)?; (ii) Is the effectiveness of SCT moderated by sample or methodological characteristics? and (iii) What is the frequency of significant associations between the core SCT constructs and PA? Ten electronic databases were searched with no date or sample restrictions. Forty-four studies were retrieved containing 55 SCT models of PA. Methodological quality was assessed using a standardized tool. A random-effects meta-analysis revealed that SCT accounted for 31% of the variance in PA. However, methodological quality was mostly poor for these models. Methodological quality and sample age moderated the PA effect size, with increases in both associated with greater variance explained. Although self-efficacy and goals were consistently associated with PA, outcome expectations and socio-structural factors were not. This review determined that SCT is a useful framework to explain PA behaviour. Higher quality models explained more PA variance, but overall methodological quality was poor. As such, high-quality studies examining the utility of SCT to explain PA are warranted.
（i）社会认知理论（SCT）在解释身体活动（PA）方面的效用如何？；（ii）SCT 的有效性是否受样本或方法学特征的影响？以及（iii）核心 SCT 结构与 PA 之间的显著关联频率是多少？本研究无日期或样本限制地检索了 10 个电子数据库。共检索到 44 项包含 55 个 PA 的 SCT 模型的研究。使用标准化工具评估了方法学质量。随机效应荟萃分析表明，SCT 解释了 PA 变化的 31%。然而，这些模型的方法学质量大多较差。方法学质量和样本年龄调节了 PA 的效应大小，两者的增加都与更大的可变性解释相关。尽管自我效能感和目标与 PA 始终相关，但预期结果和社会结构因素则不然。本综述确定 SCT 是解释 PA 行为的有用框架。更高质量的模型解释了更多的 PA 变化，但整体方法学质量较差。因此，有必要进行高质量的研究来检验 SCT 对解释 PA 的效用。
