Abughanimeh Omar, Qasrawi Ayman, Kaddourah Osama, Al Momani Laith, Abu Ghanimeh Mouhanna
a School of Medicine Internal Medicine , University of Missouri , Kansas City , USA.
b East Tennessee State University James H Quillen College of Medicine - Internal Medicine , USA.
Hosp Pract (1995). 2018 Dec;46(5):266-277. doi: 10.1080/21548331.2018.1533673. Epub 2018 Oct 15.
infection (CDI) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections in the United States. Its incidence has been increasing in the recent years despite preventative measures. CDI increases annual expenses by 1.5 billion dollars. Cancer patients are at higher risk to acquire CDI, as explained by their frequent exposure to risk factors. CDI in cancer patients is associated with higher mortality rates and prolonged hospitalization. Furthermore, CDI affects the course of the disease by delaying treatments such as chemotherapy. Chemotherapeutics drugs are considered independent risk factors for CDI. This review discusses infection in cancer patients, including those who are receiving chemotherapy. Herein, we summarize recent data regarding the epidemiology, risk factors, including chemotherapy regimens, pathogenesis, diagnostic techniques and treatment options, including newer agents. : A literature search was performed using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The MeSH terms utilized in different combinations were '', 'neoplasia/cancer/oncology', 'chemotherapy', 'diagnosis', and 'treatment', in addition to looking up each treatment option individually to generate a comprehensive search. The articles were initially screened by title alone, followed by screening through abstracts. Full texts of pertinent articles (including letters to editors, case reports, case series, cohort studies, and clinical trials) were included in this review.
艰难梭菌感染（CDI）是美国最常见的医疗保健相关感染之一。尽管采取了预防措施，但其发病率近年来仍在上升。CDI使年度费用增加了15亿美元。癌症患者感染CDI的风险更高，这是由于他们频繁接触风险因素所致。癌症患者的CDI与更高的死亡率和更长的住院时间相关。此外，CDI通过延迟化疗等治疗影响疾病进程。化疗药物被认为是CDI的独立风险因素。本综述讨论了癌症患者的感染，包括正在接受化疗的患者。在此，我们总结了有关流行病学、风险因素（包括化疗方案）、发病机制、诊断技术和治疗选择（包括新型药物）的最新数据。：使用PubMed和谷歌学术数据库进行了文献检索。除了单独查找每个治疗选项以进行全面搜索外，还以不同组合使用了医学主题词“艰难梭菌感染”、“肿瘤/癌症/肿瘤学”、“化疗”、“诊断”和“治疗”。文章最初仅通过标题进行筛选，随后通过摘要进行筛选。本综述纳入了相关文章的全文（包括给编辑的信、病例报告、病例系列、队列研究和临床试验）。
