评估 2014-2016 年西非埃博拉疫情期间开展的运营研究的频率。

Evaluating the frequency of operational research conducted during the 2014-2016 West Africa Ebola epidemic.

机构信息

The Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 621 East Pratt Street, Suite 210, Baltimore, MD 21022, USA; University of Central Florida College of Medicine, FL, USA.

出版信息

Int J Infect Dis. 2018 Dec;77:29-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.09.027. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2018.09.027

PMID:30296574

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The West Africa Ebola epidemic of 2014-2016 was the largest Ebola outbreak on record, and thousands of individuals were involved in the response, including local and national governments, as well as numerous philanthropic and other non-governmental organizations. A number of after-action reports and other reviews of the global response to the epidemic routinely pointed out key challenges, including gaps in operational research.

METHODS

To determine the extent to which operational research studies were conducted during the 2014-2016 West Africa Ebola epidemic, a quantitative analysis of the literature published during and immediately after the epidemic was conducted. The goal was to identify the proportion of all Ebola-related publications released regarding the epidemic that addressed operational aspects of the response. It was also sought to describe, at a general level, the sorts of studies that were published during the epidemic, with the goal of increasing understanding of whether additional efforts are needed to encourage the conduct and dissemination of operational studies during future public health crises.

RESULTS

Among the 3681 publications on Ebola published between the World Health Organization announcement of the Ebola outbreak in March 2014 and the end of 2017, 109 (3%) were determined to be operational research publications. Among these, 64 (58%) were published after the World Health Organization initially declared the outbreak over on January 14, 2016, reflecting the time delay of sharing operational lessons with the broader preparedness and response community.

DISCUSSION

Improved sharing of firsthand, operational knowledge from practitioners who respond to outbreaks is critical for improving preparedness activities and informing the development of sound, effective policies that support ongoing and future preparedness efforts. Based on the results from this review, we propose several policy and programmatic innovations that could facilitate knowledge sharing during future outbreaks.

摘要

简介

2014-2016 年西非埃博拉疫情是有记录以来最大的埃博拉疫情爆发，数千人参与了应对工作，包括地方和国家政府以及众多慈善和其他非政府组织。许多事后报告和对全球疫情应对情况的其他审查经常指出关键挑战，包括行动研究方面的差距。

方法

为了确定在 2014-2016 年西非埃博拉疫情期间进行了多少运营研究，对疫情期间和之后发表的文献进行了定量分析。目的是确定在疫情期间发布的所有与埃博拉相关的出版物中，有多少涉及应对工作的运营方面。还试图描述在疫情期间发表的研究的一般类型，以增加对未来公共卫生危机期间是否需要更多努力来鼓励开展和传播运营研究的理解。

结果

在世界卫生组织于 2014 年 3 月宣布埃博拉疫情爆发至 2017 年底期间发表的 3681 篇埃博拉相关出版物中，有 109 篇（3%）被确定为运营研究出版物。其中，有 64 篇（58%）是在世界卫生组织于 2016 年 1 月 14 日最初宣布疫情结束后发表的，反映了与更广泛的防范和应对社区分享运营经验的时间滞后。