QAEHS, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science , The University of Queensland , 4102 , Brisbane , Australia.
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Disposal, School of Environment and Energy , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , Guangdong China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2018 Nov 6;52(21):12765-12773. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03043. Epub 2018 Oct 19.
There were several studies that measured organophosphate esters (OPEs) in foods to assess the dietary intake of OPEs but none has measured OPE metabolites (mOPEs) in the same samples. In this study, we measured the concentrations of OPEs and mOPEs in 87 food samples and in five tap water samples collected in Queensland, Australia belonging to eight food groups. Tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) (detection frequency (DF), 77%) and tributyl phosphate (TBP) (DF, 71%), were the most frequently detected OPEs, while dibutyl phosphate (DBP) (DF, 84%) and diphenyl phosphate (DPhP) (DF, 86%) were the most frequently detected mOPEs. Vegetables had the highest concentrations of both ∑OPEs and ∑mOPEs, with the mean concentrations of 2.6 and 17 ng/g wet weight. Compared with dust ingestion and inhalation, dietary intake was the most important exposure pathway for tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) (4.1 ng/kg bw/day), TCIPP (25 ng/kg bw/day), and TBP (6.7 ng/kg bw/day), accounting for >75% of total intake. Furthermore, we found that the intakes of some mOPEs, that is, bis(1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (BDCIPP) and DPhP from diet were typically higher than that of their parent OPEs. Such high levels of mOPE intakes could interfere with the utilization of mOPEs as biomarkers for assessing OPE exposure and warrant further investigation.
有几项研究测量了食品中的有机磷酸酯（OPEs），以评估 OPEs 的饮食摄入量，但没有一项研究在相同的样本中测量 OPE 代谢物（mOPEs）。在这项研究中，我们测量了澳大利亚昆士兰州 87 个食品样本和 5 个自来水样本中的 OPEs 和 mOPEs 浓度，这些样本属于 8 个食品组。三（2-氯异丙基）磷酸酯（TCIPP）（检测频率（DF），77%）和磷酸三丁酯（TBP）（DF，71%）是最常检测到的 OPEs，而二丁基磷酸酯（DBP）（DF，84%）和二苯基磷酸酯（DPhP）（DF，86%）是最常检测到的 mOPEs。蔬菜中 OPEs 和 mOPEs 的浓度均最高，湿重的平均浓度分别为 2.6 和 17ng/g。与灰尘摄入和吸入相比，饮食摄入是三（2-氯乙基）磷酸酯（TCEP）（4.1ng/kg bw/day）、TCIPP（25ng/kg bw/day）和 TBP（6.7ng/kg bw/day）的最重要暴露途径，占总摄入量的>75%。此外，我们发现一些 mOPEs（即双（1,3-二氯异丙基）磷酸酯（BDCIPP）和 DPhP）的摄入量通常高于其母体 OPEs，这种高水平的 mOPE 摄入量可能会干扰将 mOPEs 用作评估 OPE 暴露的生物标志物的利用，需要进一步研究。
