Department of Neonatal Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Aksum University, Aksum, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Aksum University, P. O. Box: 298, Aksum, Ethiopia.
BMC Pediatr. 2018 Oct 10;18(1):321. doi: 10.1186/s12887-018-1294-5.
Medication administration error is a medication error that occurs while administering a medication to a patient. A variety of factors make pediatrics more susceptible to medication errors and its consequences. In low-income countries, like Ethiopia, there is no sufficient evidence regarding medication administration error among pediatrics. The aim of this study is, therefore, to determine the magnitude and factors associated with medication administration error among pediatric population.
A prospective observational based cross sectional study design was conducted from January to April 2017. Data collection was done using pre-tested structured questionnaire and blind observation checklist to health professionals in charge of administering selected medications. A total of 1282 medication administrations were obtained using single population proportion formula from patients in the selected public hospitals and the samples were selected using multistage sampling technique. Multivariable logistic regression using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval was used to determine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Variables with p-value < 0.05 were considered as independent factors for medication administration error.
A total of 1251 medication administrations were observed from 1251 patients. The occurrence of medication administration error was 62.7% with 95% CI (59.6%, 65.0%), wrong dose being the most common type of medication administration error with an occurrence rate of 53.7%. Medications administered for pediatric patients less than 1 month age, administered by bachelor degree holder health professionals, prepared in facilities without medication preparation room, prepared in facilities without medication administration guide and administer for patients who have two or more prescribed medications were more likely to have medication administration error than their counterparts with AOR (95% CI) of 7.54(2.20-25.86), 1.52 (1.07-2.17), 13.45 (8.59-21.06), 4.11 (2.89-5.85), and 2.42 (1.62-3.61), respectively.
This study has revealed that there is high occurrence of medication administration error among pediatric inpatients in public hospitals of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.. Age of patients, educational level of medication administrators, availability of the medication preparation room and guide, and the number of medications given per single patient were statistically significant factors associated with occurrence of medication administration error.
用药错误是在给患者用药时发生的用药错误。各种因素使儿科更容易发生用药错误及其后果。在埃塞俄比亚等低收入国家，关于儿科用药错误的证据不足。因此，本研究旨在确定儿科人群用药错误的发生情况及其相关因素。
本研究采用前瞻性观察性横断面研究设计，于 2017 年 1 月至 4 月进行。数据收集使用经过预测试的结构化问卷和盲法观察清单，对负责管理选定药物的卫生专业人员进行。通过从选定公立医院的患者中使用单一总体比例公式获得了 1282 次药物管理，然后使用多级抽样技术选择样本。使用比值比和 95%置信区间的多变量逻辑回归来确定独立和因变量之间的关系。p 值<0.05 的变量被视为用药错误的独立因素。
从 1251 名患者中观察到 1251 次药物管理。用药错误的发生率为 62.7%，95%CI（59.6%，65.0%），剂量错误是最常见的用药错误类型，发生率为 53.7%。为年龄小于 1 个月的儿科患者用药、由学士学位持有者卫生专业人员给药、在没有药物准备室的设施中准备、在没有药物管理指南的设施中准备以及为有两种或两种以上规定药物的患者给药的药物更有可能发生用药错误，其比值比（95%CI）分别为 7.54（2.20-25.86）、1.52（1.07-2.17）、13.45（8.59-21.06）、4.11（2.89-5.85）和 2.42（1.62-3.61）。
本研究表明，在埃塞俄比亚提格雷北部公立医院的儿科住院患者中，用药错误的发生率很高。患者年龄、用药管理员的教育水平、药物准备室和指南的可用性以及每位患者的用药数量是与用药错误发生相关的有统计学意义的因素。
