Wernicke Jennifer, Li Mei, Sha Peng, Zhou Min, Sindermann Cornelia, Becker Benjamin, Kendrick Keith M, Montag Christian
Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Faculty of Engineering, Computer Science and Psychology, Ulm University, Helmholtzstr. 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
Student Counseling Center, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing, China.
Atten Defic Hyperact Disord. 2019 Jun;11(2):167-182. doi: 10.1007/s12402-018-0266-9. Epub 2018 Oct 10.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity but also by negative emotionality. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether subclinical ADHD tendencies are associated with negative emotionality in healthy adult samples. The present study is of special interest since it investigated negative emotionality with a questionnaire anchored in Neuroscience Theory-the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS). Furthermore, through the investigation of samples in two countries, namely Germany and China, the study aims to replicate the results across different cultures. German (n = 377; age: M = 23.25, SD = 8.47; 117 males) and Chinese (n = 389; age: M = 20.74, SD = 2.47; 279 males) subjects completed ANPS (primary emotional traits) and ASRS (ADHD tendencies) questionnaires in an online survey. Principal component analysis of the ANPS revealed one factor for negative emotionality and one factor for positive emotionality. Partial correlations between ANPS and ASRS (controlled for age) were conducted separately for nation and gender. The same correlation patterns between ADHD tendencies and negative emotionality could be found in male and female German/Chinese participants (range r= .189 to r = .352). Higher negative emotionality was always significantly associated with more inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive, or combined tendencies. However, significant negative correlations between ADHD tendencies and positive emotionality could only be observed in Chinese males (range r = - .264 to r = - .296). The results are in line with former findings in children and show that also in healthy adults, associations between negative emotionality and ADHD tendencies are robustly visible. The results were independent of the cultural background, indicating a general association between ADHD tendencies and negative emotionality, even in healthy adults.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种神经发育障碍，其特征不仅包括注意力不集中、多动和冲动，还包括负面情绪。本研究的目的是调查在健康成人样本中，亚临床ADHD倾向是否与负面情绪相关。本研究具有特殊意义，因为它使用基于神经科学理论的问卷——情感神经科学人格量表（ANPS）来调查负面情绪。此外，通过对德国和中国两个国家的样本进行调查，该研究旨在跨不同文化复制研究结果。德国（n = 377；年龄：M = 23.25，SD = 8.47；117名男性）和中国（n = 389；年龄：M = 20.74，SD = 2.47；279名男性）受试者在一项在线调查中完成了ANPS（主要情绪特质）和ASRS（ADHD倾向）问卷。对ANPS进行主成分分析，得出一个负面情绪因子和一个正面情绪因子。分别按国家和性别对ANPS和ASRS（控制年龄）进行偏相关分析。在德国/中国的男性和女性参与者中，ADHD倾向与负面情绪之间呈现相同的相关模式（范围r = 0.189至r = 0.352）。较高的负面情绪总是与更多的注意力不集中、多动/冲动或综合倾向显著相关。然而，仅在中国男性中观察到ADHD倾向与正面情绪之间存在显著负相关（范围r = -0.264至r = -0.296）。研究结果与之前在儿童中的发现一致，表明即使在健康成年人中，负面情绪与ADHD倾向之间的关联也很明显。研究结果不受文化背景影响，表明即使在健康成年人中，ADHD倾向与负面情绪之间也存在普遍关联。
