Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA.
College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
J Community Health. 2019 Apr;44(2):256-264. doi: 10.1007/s10900-018-0581-2.
In the United States, Latinos are more likely to be uninsured and diagnosed with later stage cancer than non-Hispanic whites. Promotoras (lay health educators) help improve cancer knowledge and facilitate access to cancer screenings. We tested a promotora led workplace-based intervention to improve knowledge of and adherence to breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening among Latino employees in service or manual labor jobs. Latinos 18 and older from Salt Lake County, Utah were enrolled from January 2015 to February 2016. N = 265 completed pre- and post-intervention surveys that measured knowledge of and adherence to breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screenings. Demographic, economic, and cancer factors of participants who completed the intervention were compared to those who were incomplete. Changes in knowledge and adherence were calculated using McNemar's tests. Logistic regression compared outcomes by select demographic, economic and cancer factors. More participants were older, spoke Non-English languages, were single/widow(er)s, worked part-time, and had an immediate family member with cancer compared to those who did not complete the study (all p < 0.05). Knowledge of the age to begin cancer screenings increased significantly from baseline to follow-up for cervical (65.1-77.7%), breast (67.2-81.7%), and colorectal cancer (49.8-80.7%), all p ≤ 0.001. Knowledge of the frequency of cervical (34.0-46.5%) and colorectal (72.1-84.5%) screening increased from baseline to follow-up, both p < 0.001. Adherence to fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) for colorectal cancer increased from baseline to follow-up (13.8-56.9%, p < 0.001). Promotora led workplace-based interventions can strengthen community capacity for educating and supporting Latino employees in preventing breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer.
在美国，与非西班牙裔白人相比，拉丁裔更有可能没有医疗保险，并且被诊断出癌症晚期。 promotora（社区卫生教育者）可以帮助提高癌症知识水平，并促进癌症筛查的开展。我们测试了一种 promotora 主导的基于工作场所的干预措施，以提高从事服务或体力劳动的拉丁裔员工对乳腺癌、宫颈癌和结直肠癌筛查的知识水平并促进其参与筛查。从 2015 年 1 月到 2016 年 2 月，犹他州盐湖县的 18 岁及以上的拉丁裔人士参与了这项研究。共有 265 名参与者完成了干预前后的调查，以评估他们对乳腺癌、宫颈癌和结直肠癌筛查的知识水平和参与度。对完成干预的参与者和未完成干预的参与者的人口统计学、经济和癌症因素进行了比较。采用 McNemar 检验计算知识和参与度的变化。使用逻辑回归比较了不同人口统计学、经济和癌症因素的结果。与未完成研究的参与者相比，更多的参与者年龄较大、讲非英语、单身/丧偶、兼职工作，并且有直系亲属患有癌症（所有 p<0.05）。与基线相比，宫颈癌筛查起始年龄的知识（65.1-77.7%）、乳腺癌筛查（67.2-81.7%）和结直肠癌筛查（49.8-80.7%）显著增加，所有 p 值均≤0.001。与基线相比，宫颈癌（34.0-46.5%）和结直肠癌（72.1-84.5%）筛查频率的知识增加，均 p<0.001。结直肠癌粪便免疫化学测试（FIT）的依从性从基线到随访期增加（13.8-56.9%，p<0.001）。 promotora 主导的基于工作场所的干预措施可以增强社区为教育和支持拉丁裔员工预防乳腺癌、宫颈癌和结直肠癌的能力。
