Heuser Steffen, Yang Nianjun, Hof Felix, Schulte Anna, Schönherr Holger, Jiang Xin
Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Siegen, Paul-Bonatz-Str. 9-11, 57076, Siegen, Germany.
Physical Chemistry I, Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076, Siegen, Germany.
Small. 2018 Nov;14(45):e1801857. doi: 10.1002/smll.201801857. Epub 2018 Oct 11.
High-performance supercapacitors feature big and stable capacitances and high power and energy densities. To fabricate high-performance supercapacitors, 3D 3C-SiC/graphene hybrid nanolaminate films are grown via a microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition technique. Such films consist of 3D alternating structures of vertically aligned 3C-SiC and graphene layers, leading to high surface areas and excellent conductivity. They are further applied as the capacitor electrodes to construct electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) and pseudocapacitors (PCs) in both aqueous and organic solutions. The capacitance for an EDLC in aqueous solutions is up to 549.9 µF cm , more than 100 times higher than that of an epitaxial 3C-SiC film. In organic solutions, it is 297.3 µF cm . The pseudocapacitance in redox-active species (0.05 Fe(CN) ) contained aqueous solutions is as high as 62.2 mF cm . The capacitance remains at 98% of the initial value after 2500 charging/discharging cycles, indicating excellent cyclic stability. In redox-active species (0.01 m ferrocene) contained organic solutions, it is 16.6 mF cm . Energy and power densities of a PC in aqueous solution are 11.6 W h kg and 5.1 kW kg , respectively. These vertically aligned 3C-SiC/graphene hybrid nanolaminate films are thus promising electrode materials for energy storage applications.
高性能超级电容器具有大且稳定的电容以及高功率和能量密度。为了制造高性能超级电容器，通过微波等离子体辅助化学气相沉积技术生长出3D 3C-SiC/石墨烯混合纳米层状薄膜。这种薄膜由垂直排列的3C-SiC和石墨烯层的3D交替结构组成，导致高表面积和优异的导电性。它们进一步被用作电容器电极，在水溶液和有机溶液中构建双电层电容器（EDLC）和赝电容器（PC）。水溶液中EDLC的电容高达549.9 μF/cm²，比外延3C-SiC薄膜的电容高出100多倍。在有机溶液中，其电容为297.3 μF/cm²。含氧化还原活性物质（0.05 M Fe(CN)₆³⁻）的水溶液中的赝电容高达62.2 mF/cm²。经过2500次充放电循环后，电容保持在初始值的98%，表明具有优异的循环稳定性。在含氧化还原活性物质（0.01 m二茂铁）的有机溶液中，其电容为16.6 mF/cm²。水溶液中PC的能量密度和功率密度分别为11.6 W h/kg和5.1 kW/kg。因此，这些垂直排列的3C-SiC/石墨烯混合纳米层状薄膜是用于能量存储应用的有前途的电极材料。
