Gao Yan, Liang Chen, Zhang Jianhai, Ma Junjie, Wang Jinming, Niu Ruiyan, Tikka Chiranjeevi, Wang Yewei, Wang Jundong
Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Cell Physiol Biochem. 2018;50(2):734-744. doi: 10.1159/000494239. Epub 2018 Oct 11.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: We investigated the combined toxic effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) on kidney morphological changes and DNA damage in male Wistar rats.
In this study we selected totally 96 male Wistar rats (12-week-old) then randomly group-housed them into four cages, treated with deionized water, NaF, SO2 and co-treatment of NaF and SO2 respectively. Morphological changes of kidney were detected by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. Correspondingly, tailing ratio and comet length were measured by BAB Bs Comet Assay System, including DNA damage special unit were calculated to evaluate the grades of kidney DNA damage at the same time.
Treated groups showed a body weight decrease when compared to control group. However, no significant difference in the relative weight of kidney was found in all four groups. It is noteworthy that at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after exposure, the morphological alteration of renal tubules were observed in all treated groups, especially in group-IV. Also, at 4 and 6 weeks, notable DNA damage was found in all treated groups, as assessed by significantly increasing trend of comet length tailing ratio.
The study manifests that presence of NaF and SO2 will not only induce renal tissue lesions but also impact DNA integrity. In addition, this combined exposure exhibits a synergistic effect, characterizing a dose-dependence and time correlation. These findings may provide novel insights regarding perturbations of DNA damage and its functions as a potential new mechanism, by which cautious interpretation of NaF and SO2 co-exposure evolved in both animals and human beings is necessary.
背景/目的：我们研究了氟化钠（NaF）和二氧化硫（SO2）联合作用对雄性Wistar大鼠肾脏形态变化和DNA损伤的影响。
本研究共选取96只12周龄雄性Wistar大鼠，随机分为四组，分别用去离子水、NaF、SO2以及NaF与SO2联合处理。在第2、4、6和8周时，通过苏木精-伊红（H&E）染色检测肾脏的形态变化。相应地，采用BAB Bs彗星试验系统测量拖尾率和彗星长度，同时计算DNA损伤特殊单位以评估肾脏DNA损伤程度。
与对照组相比，处理组大鼠体重下降。然而，四组大鼠肾脏相对重量无显著差异。值得注意的是，在暴露后第2、4、6和8周，所有处理组均观察到肾小管形态改变，尤其是第四组。此外，在第4和6周时，所有处理组均发现明显的DNA损伤，彗星长度拖尾率呈显著上升趋势。
该研究表明，NaF和SO2不仅会导致肾脏组织损伤，还会影响DNA完整性。此外，这种联合暴露具有协同效应，呈现剂量依赖性和时间相关性。这些发现可能为DNA损伤及其功能的扰动提供新的见解，作为一种潜在的新机制，有必要谨慎解读动物和人类中NaF和SO2共同暴露的情况。
