College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China; Environmental Information Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Feb 1;649:1443-1451. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.377. Epub 2018 Aug 28.
Petroleum is one of the most important pollutants in the marine ecosystem, and oil spills have a long-term effect on the marine environment. After an oil spill, petroleum continues to diffuse, flowing to the intertidal zone where it accumulates. Ulva pertusa is the main macroalgae species in the intertidal zone of the ocean, and petroleum is toxic to marine macroalgae. Fatty acids, which are involved in various physiological activities, including metabolism, are indispensable substances in organisms. Thus, an organism's fatty acid composition reflects its physiological state. Because fatty acids are carbon-rich compounds, their stable carbon isotope composition can be measured to assess the state of the organism. In this study, the effects of the water accommodated fraction (WAF) of different concentrations of 180# fuel oil and 0# diesel oil on the chlorophyll a and fatty acid carbon stable isotope composition (δC) of U. pertusa were assessed. The fatty acid carbon stable isotope value varied among the different petroleum treatments, and high WAF concentrations significantly inhibited the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Thus, exposure to petroleum products affected the synthesis of fatty acids in U. pertusa and also caused carbon stable isotope fractionation during the fatty acid synthesis process. The results indicate that the saturated fatty acid δC and the unsaturated fatty acid δC can be used as biomarkers to evaluate the degree of petroleum-induced stress in U. pertusa and that carbon stable isotope analysis of U. pertusa can be used as an environmental risk assessment tool in the intertidal zone.
石油是海洋生态系统中最重要的污染物之一，溢油事故对海洋环境有长期影响。溢油事故发生后，石油会持续扩散，流向潮间带并在那里积聚。石莼是海洋潮间带的主要大型藻类物种，而石油对海洋大型藻类有毒。脂肪酸参与各种生理活动，包括代谢，是生物体内不可缺少的物质。因此，生物体的脂肪酸组成反映了其生理状态。由于脂肪酸是富含碳的化合物，因此可以测量其稳定的碳同位素组成，以评估生物体的状态。在这项研究中，评估了不同浓度的 180#燃料油和 0#柴油的水可容纳部分（WAF）对石莼叶绿素 a 和脂肪酸碳稳定同位素组成（δC）的影响。不同石油处理之间的脂肪酸碳稳定同位素值有所不同，高 WAF 浓度显著抑制了不饱和脂肪酸的合成。因此，石油产品的暴露会影响石莼中脂肪酸的合成，并且在脂肪酸合成过程中也会导致碳稳定同位素分馏。结果表明，饱和脂肪酸 δC 和不饱和脂肪酸 δC 可以作为评估石莼受石油诱导压力程度的生物标志物，并且可以将石莼的碳稳定同位素分析用作潮间带的环境风险评估工具。
