Caronni Sarah, Quaglini Lara A, Franzetti Andrea, Gentili Rodolfo, Montagnani Chiara, Citterio Sandra
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jun 30;12(13):2507. doi: 10.3390/plants12132507.
Anthropic diesel-derived contamination of Mediterranean coastal waters is of great concern. Nature-based solutions such as phytoremediation are considered promising technologies to remove contaminants from marine environments. The aim of this work was to investigate the tolerance of the Mediterranean autochthonous seaweed (Forsskal) Lamouroux to diesel fuel and its hydrocarbon degradation potential. Changes in traits, including its associated bacterial community abundance and structure, were determined by fluorescence microscopy and next-generation sequencing techniques. Thalli of artificially exposed to increasing concentration of diesel fuel for 30 days and thalli collected from three natural sites with different levels of seawater diesel-derived hydrocarbons were analysed. Gas chromatography was applied to determine the seaweed hydrocarbon degradation potential. Overall, in controlled conditions the lower concentration of diesel (0.01%) did not affect survival and growth, whereas the higher concentration (1%) resulted in high mortality and blade damages. Similarly, only natural thalli, collected at the most polluted marine site (750 mg L), were damaged. A higher abundance of epiphytic bacteria, with a higher relative abundance of Vibrio bacteria, was positively correlated to the health status of the seaweed as well as to its diesel-degradation ability. In conclusion, tolerated and degraded moderate concentrations of seawater diesel-derived compounds, especially changing the abundance and community structure of its bacterial coating. The protection and exploitation of this autochthonous natural seaweed-bacteria symbiosis represents a useful strategy to mitigate the hydrocarbon contamination in moderate polluted Mediterranean costal environments.
人为造成的源自柴油的地中海沿海水域污染令人高度关注。诸如植物修复等基于自然的解决方案被认为是从海洋环境中去除污染物的有前景的技术。这项工作的目的是研究地中海本地海藻（Forsskal）拉穆鲁对柴油燃料的耐受性及其碳氢化合物降解潜力。通过荧光显微镜和下一代测序技术确定包括其相关细菌群落丰度和结构在内的性状变化。分析了人工暴露于浓度不断增加的柴油燃料中30天的藻体以及从三个具有不同海水柴油衍生碳氢化合物水平的自然地点采集的藻体。应用气相色谱法测定海藻的碳氢化合物降解潜力。总体而言，在受控条件下，较低浓度的柴油（0.01%）不影响其存活和生长，而较高浓度（1%）则导致高死亡率和叶片损伤。同样，仅在污染最严重的海洋地点（750毫克/升）采集的天然藻体受到了损害。附生细菌丰度较高，其中弧菌的相对丰度较高，这与海藻的健康状况及其柴油降解能力呈正相关。总之，该海藻能够耐受并降解中等浓度的海水柴油衍生化合物，尤其是改变其细菌涂层的丰度和群落结构。保护和利用这种本地天然海藻 - 细菌共生关系是减轻中度污染的地中海沿海环境中碳氢化合物污染的一种有用策略。
