Hospital of Baza, Department of Dermatology, Andalusian Health Service, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Department of Nursing, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Oct 10;15(10):2210. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15102210.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections. Although the research focus has been on women, men are also affected. Thus, the aim was to estimate the prevalence of HPV in men and to analyse its risk factors. A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed. The main health science databases were consulted. The search terms were was: "papilloma virus AND (prevalence OR risk factors) AND men". The final sample of studies was = 16 and the men sample for the meta-analysis was = 18,106. The meta-analysis revealed a prevalence of 49% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 35⁻64%) of any type of human papillomavirus in men and 35% (95% CI: 26⁻45%) of high-risk human papillomavirus in men. The included studies showed that stable sexual habits, circumcision and condom use are protective factors against HPV. In addition, there is a certain positive association with tobacco use and the early initiation of sexual intercourse. In conclusion, the prevalence of HPV in men is high. The risk factors for HPV infection are sexual promiscuity, early sexual debut, absence of circumcision, lack of condom use and smoking. Further study in this field about the effectiveness of the vaccine and health education should be conducted.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是最常见的性传播感染之一。尽管研究重点一直放在女性身上，但男性也受到影响。因此，本研究旨在评估男性 HPV 的流行率，并分析其危险因素。进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。主要的健康科学数据库被检索。检索词为：“乳头瘤病毒 AND（流行率 OR 危险因素） AND 男性”。最终纳入的研究数量为 = 16 项，荟萃分析的男性样本数量为 = 18106 例。荟萃分析显示，男性任何类型 HPV 的流行率为 49%（95%置信区间：35%⁻64%），男性高危型 HPV 的流行率为 35%（95%置信区间：26%⁻45%）。纳入的研究表明，稳定的性行为习惯、包皮环切术和使用安全套是预防 HPV 的保护因素。此外，与吸烟和较早开始性行为有一定的正相关关系。总之，男性 HPV 的流行率较高。HPV 感染的危险因素包括性滥交、性早期开始、未行包皮环切术、缺乏安全套使用和吸烟。应在该领域进一步开展关于疫苗有效性和健康教育的研究。
