Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1675 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1205, USA.
Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1675 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1205, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2018 Nov;34(3):457-472. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2018.07.001.
Mastitis is a prevalent and costly disease on dairy farms. Improved management and hygiene can reduce the risk of infection by contagious or environmental pathogens, and genetic selection can confer permanent improvement in mastitis resistance. National veterinary recording systems in the Nordic countries have allowed direct selection for sire families with low incidence of clinical mastitis for 3 decades, whereas other countries have practiced indirect selection for lower somatic cell count. Recently, pooling of producer-recorded data from on-farm herd management software programs has enabled selection for reduced incidence of clinical mastitis in the United States and other leading dairy countries.
乳腺炎是奶牛场常见且代价高昂的疾病。通过改善管理和卫生条件，可以降低传染性或环境病原体感染的风险，而遗传选择可以永久提高乳腺炎抗性。北欧国家的国家兽医记录系统已经允许对临床乳腺炎发病率低的种公牛家族进行直接选择，长达 30 年，而其他国家则对较低的体细胞计数进行间接选择。最近，通过汇集来自农场 herd management software programs 的生产者记录数据，已经可以在美国和其他主要奶牛国家选择降低临床乳腺炎的发病率。
