Lam T H, Wong K H, Chan K Kl, Chan M Cm, Chao D Vk, Cheung A Ny, Fan C Ym, Ho J, Hui E P, Lam K O, Law C K, Law W L, Loong H Hf, Ngan R Kc, Tsang T Hf, Wong M Cs, Yeung R Mw, Ying A Ch, Ching R
School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Department of Health, Hong Kong.
Hong Kong Med J. 2018 Oct;24(5):521-526. doi: 10.12809/hkmj177095.
Colorectal cancer is the commonest cancer in Hong Kong. The Cancer Expert Working Group on Cancer Prevention and Screening was established in 2002 under the Cancer Coordinating Committee to review local and international scientific evidence, assess and formulate local recommendations on cancer prevention and screening. At present, the Cancer Expert Working Group recommends that average-risk individuals aged 50 to 75 years and without significant family history consult their doctors to consider screening by: (1) annual or biennial faecal occult blood test, (2) sigmoidoscopy every 5 years, or (3) colonoscopy every 10 years. Increased-risk individuals with significant family history such as those with a first-degree relative diagnosed with colorectal cancer at age ≤60 years; those who have more than one first-degree relative diagnosed with colorectal cancer irrespective of age at diagnosis; or carriers of genetic mutations associated with familial adenomatous polyposis or Lynch syndrome should start colonoscopy screening earlier in life and repeat it at shorter intervals.
结直肠癌是香港最常见的癌症。癌症预防及筛查专家工作小组于2002年在癌症统筹委员会下成立，负责审视本地及国际科学证据，评估并制订本地癌症预防及筛查建议。目前，癌症专家工作小组建议，年龄在50至75岁之间且无重大家族病史的一般风险人群咨询医生，考虑通过以下方式进行筛查：（1）每年或每两年进行一次粪便潜血检测；（2）每5年进行一次乙状结肠镜检查；或（3）每10年进行一次结肠镜检查。有重大家族病史的高风险人群，例如有一级亲属在60岁及以下被诊断为结直肠癌；有不止一名一级亲属被诊断为结直肠癌，无论诊断时年龄如何；或携带与家族性腺瘤性息肉病或林奇综合征相关基因突变的人群，应在生命早期开始结肠镜检查筛查，并缩短检查间隔时间重复进行。
