Department of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
Immunology. 2018 Nov;155(3):283-284. doi: 10.1111/imm.13008.
The field of cancer immunology stepped into the limelight this year when James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation. Among many exciting advances contributing to the coming of age of tumour immunology as a viable clinical specialty has been the ability to progress from the initial elucidation of tumour antigens, such as the melanoma antigen, MAGE-1, to high-throughput sequencing facilitating identification of T cell epitopes from diverse tumour neoantigens. This has resulted from the convergence of expertise in tumour biology, next-generation sequencing, T cell and structural immunology, and predictive algorithms. Among many examples, immunotherapy for ovarian cancer has been one of the beneficiaries of these advances, leading to a number of recent and ongoing clinical trials.
今年，癌症免疫学领域因 James P. Allison 和 Tasuku Honjo 因发现抑制负免疫调节的癌症疗法而获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖而成为焦点。许多令人兴奋的进展促成了肿瘤免疫学作为一种可行的临床专业的成熟，其中包括从最初阐明肿瘤抗原（如黑色素瘤抗原 MAGE-1）到高通量测序以促进从各种肿瘤新抗原中识别 T 细胞表位的能力。这是肿瘤生物学、下一代测序、T 细胞和结构免疫学以及预测算法方面的专业知识融合的结果。在许多例子中，卵巢癌的免疫疗法是这些进展的受益者之一，导致了许多最近和正在进行的临床试验。
